RNA Sequencing Analysis of Monocytes Exposed to Airway Fluid From Children With Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Objectives: Monocytes are plastic cells that assume different polarization states that can either promote inflammation or tissue repair and inflammation resolution. Polarized monocytes are partially defined by their transcriptional profiles that are influenced by environmental stimuli. The airway monocyte response in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) is undefined.

Environmental Injustice Is Associated With Poorer Asthma Outcomes in School-Age Children With Asthma in Metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia.

Background: Environmental justice mandates that no person suffers disproportionately from environmental exposures. The Environmental Justice Index (EJI) provides an estimate of the environmental burden for each census tract but has not yet been used in asthma populations.

Objective: We hypothesized that children from census tracts with high environmental injustice determined by the EJI would have a greater burden of asthma exacerbations, poorer asthma control, and poorer lung function over 12 months.

Metabolomics identifies disturbances in arginine, phenylalanine, and glycine metabolism as differentiating features of exacerbating atopic asthma in children.

Background: Asthma exacerbations are highly prevalent in children, but only a few studies have examined the biologic mechanisms underlying exacerbations in this population.

Objective: High-resolution metabolomics analyses were performed to understand the differences in metabolites in children with exacerbating asthma who were hospitalized in a pediatric intensive care unit for status asthmaticus. We hypothesized that compared with a similar population of stable outpatients with asthma, children with exacerbating asthma would have differing metabolite abundance patterns with distinct clustering profiles.

Preclinical Development of Brain Permeable ERβ Agonist for the Treatment of Glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent and aggressive type of adult brain tumors with low 5-year overall survival rates. Epidemiologic data suggest that estrogen may decrease brain tumor growth, and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) has been demonstrated to exert antitumor functions in GBM. The lack of potent, selective, and brain permeable ERβ agonist to promote its antitumor action is limiting the therapeutic promise of ERβ.

Oxamniquine derivatives overcome Praziquantel treatment limitations for Schistosomiasis.

Human schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by Schistosoma mansoni, S. haematobium, and S. japonicum.