Foliicolous lichens grow on living leaves of vascular plants. They are mostly found in tropical to subtropical or temperate rainforests. Many phenotype-based species are considered as pantropical or even sub-cosmopolitan, either attributed to old ages, having existed prior to continental breakups or long-distance dispersal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvariant Natural Killer T (NKT) cells represent a unique subset of innate-like T cells that express both NK cell and T cell receptors. These cells are rapidly activated by glycolipid antigens presented via CD1d molecules on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including B cells, dendritic cells (DCs), and macrophages, or through cytokine-dependent mechanisms. Their ability to produce a wide range of cytokines and express costimulatory molecules underscores their critical role in bridging innate and adaptive immunity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDysregulation of Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 6 (TRPC6) channel is associated with pathologies in which cell contraction is relevant. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of actin cytoskeletal function by TRPC6 is important. Here, we observed that TRPC6 upregulates the activity of RhoA GTPase, affecting the organization and polymerization of the actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion dynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCellular senescence is a stress response that limits tumor formation by promoting the removal of damaged cells through the immune system. In this study, we observed accumulation of senescent cells during human aging gingival tissue, by increased levels of γH2A.X, 53BP1, and SAHF, along with a greater distance of H3K9me3 from the nuclear periphery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThere is a wide range of mathematical models that describe populations of large numbers of neurons. In this article, we focus on nonlinear noisy leaky integrate-and-fire (NNLIF) models that describe neuronal activity at the level of the membrane potential. We introduce a sequence of states, which we call pseudoequilibria, and give evidence of their defining role in the behavior of the NNLIF system when a significant synaptic delay is considered.
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