THF peroxide as a factor in generating desulphurised products from the solid-phase synthesis of phosphorothioate-modified oligonucleotides.

Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) are generally obtained chemical synthesis on a solid support and phosphorothioate (PS) modification with a phosphate backbone to increase their stability and activity. However, desulphurised products, in which PS is partially replaced by phosphodiesters, are generally formed during the chemical synthesis of ASO and are difficult to separate from the desired PS-modified ASO by chromatography. Therefore, revealing the unknown factors that cause the formation of desulphurised products and proposing methods to inhibit their formation are highly desirable.

Association of decreased frequency of conversation with depression, oral function and eating alone: A cross-sectional study of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Aim: This study examined the associations between geriatric factors and decreased opportunities for conversation among older adults amid a period of self-restraint during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was carried out in October 2020. The participants were 204 residents aged ≥65 years staying at a private care home in Kyoto city, Japan.

[A case of ulcerative colitis complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation that improved markedly after surgery].

A 57-year-old man presenting with severe ulcerative colitis (UC) complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) was referred to our hospital. Since it was difficult to improve DIC immediately with any medical treatment, total proctocolectomy, ileoanal canal anastomosis, and ileostomy were performed on the patient. Soon after the surgery, his platelet count and coagulability improved, and he recovered from DIC.

Regional variation in cholinergic terminal activity determines the non-uniform occurrence of cortical slow waves during REM sleep in mice.

Sleep consists of two basic stages: non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. NREM sleep is characterized by slow high-amplitude cortical electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, while REM sleep is characterized by desynchronized cortical rhythms. Despite this, recent electrophysiological studies have suggested the presence of slow waves (SWs) in local cortical areas during REM sleep.