Brain damage in modern boxers.

Eighteen former and active boxers underwent neurological examination, EEG, computed tomographic scan of the brain, and neuropsychological testing. Eighty-seven percent of the professional boxers had definite evidence of brain damage. All the boxers had abnormal results on at least one of the neuropsychological tests.

Neurological and CT evaluation of knocked-out boxers.

Detailed neurological examinations, EEG and CT scans of the head were performed on 10 professional boxers aged 20 to 31 years shortly after being knocked-out. Intracerebral and subdural haematomas were not suspected or discovered. However, CT scans revealed cerebral atrophy in five of the boxers; this finding was most common in the boxers with the most bouts.

Pilot study of d-penicillamine, vitamins and minerals in multiple sclerosis.

A pilot study of the effect of D-penicillamine in multiple sclerosis (MS) was undertaken because of D-penicillamine's activity against RNA neurotropic viruses, because it is effective against the auto-immune disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and because both viruses and autoimmunity have been implicated in multiple sclerosis. We have treated 16 patients with advanced MS, nine on full doses (2-2.25 grams/day) and seven whose treatment was permanently stopped for reasons other than adverse reactions.