Analysis and Categorization of Various Types of Vocal Distortion in Rock, Metal, Pop Styles, and Throat Singing Observed by High-Speed Digital Imaging.

Introduction: Vocal distortion, also known as a scream or growl, is used worldwide as an essential technique in singing, especially in rock and metal, and as an ethnic voice in Mongolian singing. However, the production mechanism of vocal distortion is not yet clearly understood owing to limited research on the behavior of the larynx, which is the source of the distorted voice.

Objectives: This study used high-speed digital imaging (HSDI) to observe the larynx of professional singers with exceptional singing skills and determine the laryngeal dynamics in the voice production of various vocal distortions.

All-Soft-Tissue Medial Patellofemoral Complex Reconstruction for Revisions and Skeletally Immature Knees.

The medial patellofemoral complex provides the primary static restraint to lateral patellar translation and is composed of the medial patellofemoral ligament and medial quadriceps tendon femoral ligament. Multiple techniques including medial patellofemoral ligament and/or medial quadriceps tendon femoral ligament reconstruction have demonstrated good results; however, modification of the femoral fixation technique is required for skeletally immature patients or revision cases in which anatomic bony fixation on the femur is not possible. This technique describes an all-soft-tissue procedure for single-bundle medial patellofemoral complex reconstruction in which the graft is fixed on the adductor tendon while using the medial collateral ligament as a distalizing pulley, for anatomic and isometric recreation of the native ligament.

Circumferential Fiber Augmentation Technique Combined With Transtibial Pullout Repair.

This Technical Note describes a surgical approach that combines circumferential fiber augmentation with transtibial pullout repair for the treatment of medial meniscal posterior root tears. To address the challenge of meniscal extrusion and subsequent joint space narrowing that predisposes to osteoarthritis, this technique uses an artificial ligament to add circumferential collagen fiber reinforcement to improve meniscal extrusion. This integrated approach is designed to address the limitations of conventional tibial pullout repairs by potentially providing better results in preventing meniscal extrusion.

Economic evaluation of newborn screening for congenital cytomegalovirus infection: A systematic review.

Purpose: This systematic review analyzes economic evaluations of newborn screening for congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection to identify key factors influencing cost-effectiveness and differences in methodological approaches.

Methods: Following a pre-registered PROSPERO protocol (CRD42023441587), we conducted a comprehensive literature search across multiple databases on July 4, 2024. The review included both full economic evaluations (cost and outcomes) and partial economic evaluations (cost only).

Machine learning-based analyses of contributing factors for the development of hypertension: a comparative study.

Objectives: Sufficient attention has not been given to machine learning (ML) models using longitudinal data for investigating important predictors of new onset of hypertension. We investigated the predictive ability of several ML models for the development of hypertension.

Methods: A total of 15 965 Japanese participants (men/women: 9,466/6,499, mean age: 45 years) who received annual health examinations were randomly divided into a training group (70%,  = 11,175) and a test group (30%,  = 4,790).