Identification and biophysical characterization of Plasmodium peptide binding by common African HLAs.

Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) are immunoreceptors that present peptide antigens at the cell surface to T cells as a primary mechanism of immune surveillance. Malaria, a disease associated with the Plasmodium parasite, claims > 600,000 lives per year globally with most deaths occurring in Africa. Development of efficacious prophylactic vaccines or therapeutic treatments for malaria has been hindered by the lack of a basic understanding of the role of HLA-mediated peptide antigen presentation during Plasmodium infection.

Liver lipid droplet cholesterol content is a key determinant of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

Unlabelled: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) represents a progressive form of steatotic liver disease which increases the risk for fibrosis and advanced liver disease. The accumulation of discrete species of bioactive lipids has been postulated to activate signaling pathways that promote inflammation and fibrosis. However, the key pathogenic lipid species is a matter of debate.

Impact of Heart Failure Team on Inpatient Rapid Sequencing of Heart Failure Therapy.

The management of heart failure (HF) has undergone a paradigm shift from conventional stepwise methods of initiation and the up-titration of HF therapy towards an early, more intensive initiation of pharmacotherapy to improve the prognosis. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of patients at the Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital (LHCH), with new diagnosis of HF, who were reviewed by the inpatient heart failure team (HFT), compared to patients that were not reviewed. A retrospective review of the electronic records of patients admitted with a new diagnosis of HF to the LHCH from May to December 2023 was performed.

Identification and validation of a novel autoantibody biomarker panel for differential diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: New biomarkers are urgently needed to detect pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) at an earlier stage for individualized treatment strategies and to improve outcomes. Autoantibodies (AAbs) in principle make attractive biomarkers as they arise early in disease, report on disease-associated perturbations in cellular proteomes, and are static in response to other common stimuli, yet are measurable in the periphery, potentially well in advance of the onset of clinical symptoms.

Methods: Here, we used high-throughput, custom cancer antigen microarrays to identify a clinically relevant autoantibody biomarker combination able to differentially detect PDAC.