Ligation events influence ALG-2 dimerization.

ALG-2 dimerization was studied using Förster resonance-energy-transfer. D162C variants of ALG-2des23 were covalently modified with Alexa Fluor 488 and Alexa Fluor 647. When samples of the two labeled protein-preparations are combined, the sensitized emission from AF647 serves as a sensitive probe of dimer formation.

Structural Investigation of a Dimeric Variant of Pyruvate Kinase Muscle Isoform 2.

Pyruvate kinase muscle isoform 2 (PKM2) catalyzes the terminal step in glycolysis, transferring a phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate to ADP, to produce pyruvate and ATP. PKM2 activity is allosterically regulated by fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (FBP), an upstream glycolytic intermediate. FBP stabilizes the tetrameric form of the enzyme.

Importance of the C-Terminus of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 7A1 for Oligomerization and Catalytic Activity.

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 7A1 (ALDH7A1) catalyzes the terminal step of lysine catabolism, the NAD-dependent oxidation of α-aminoadipate semialdehyde to α-aminoadipate. Structures of ALDH7A1 reveal the C-terminus is a gate that opens and closes in response to the binding of α-aminoadipate. In the closed state, the C-terminus of one protomer stabilizes the active site of the neighboring protomer in the dimer-of-dimers tetramer.

Structure and characterization of a class 3B proline utilization A: Ligand-induced dimerization and importance of the C-terminal domain for catalysis.

The bifunctional flavoenzyme proline utilization A (PutA) catalyzes the two-step oxidation of proline to glutamate using separate proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) and l-glutamate-γ-semialdehyde dehydrogenase active sites. Because PutAs catalyze sequential reactions, they are good systems for studying how metabolic enzymes communicate via substrate channeling. Although mechanistically similar, PutAs vary widely in domain architecture, oligomeric state, and quaternary structure, and these variations represent different structural solutions to the problem of sequestering a reactive metabolite.

Impact of disease-Linked mutations targeting the oligomerization interfaces of aldehyde dehydrogenase 7A1.

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 7A1 (ALDH7A1) is involved in lysine catabolism, catalyzing the oxidation of α-aminoadipate semialdehyde to α-aminoadipate. Certain mutations in the ALDH7A1 gene, which are presumed to reduce catalytic activity, cause an autosomal recessive seizure disorder known as pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy (PDE). Although the genetic association between ALDH7A1 and PDE is well established, little is known about the impact of PDE-mutations on the structure and catalytic function of the enzyme.