Publications by authors named "M T Golia"

Understanding the role of aberrant salience (AS) in psychosis is crucial for comprehending schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs). Researchers emphasize the importance of salience attribution in schizophrenia, acknowledging its interaction with environmental stressors and multiple neurotransmitter systems. Childhood trauma and adversities (CTA) play a significant role in SSDs, potentially contributing to prodromal symptoms characterized by AS.

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  • - Microglia and macrophages produce extracellular vesicles (EVs) that can affect the development of myelin lesions, with microglial EVs supporting oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) differentiation, while the effect of macrophage EVs is less clear.
  • - Research showed that EVs from macrophages, especially those in an inflammatory state, do not aid OPC differentiation and actually inhibit it, but their lipid content can still promote OPC maturation similar to microglial EVs.
  • - Key promyelinating endocannabinoids (like anandamide) were found in EVs from both cell types, indicating a critical role for these endocannabinoids in OPC maturation and suggesting potential targets for enhancing myelin repair
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  • The SOD1 gene is linked to motor neuron degeneration in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and previous rodent studies have not yet led to effective human therapies or early biomarkers.
  • Researchers have created a transgenic pig model with the hSOD1 gene, which mirrors human ALS progression, to explore early disease mechanisms and potential diagnostic markers.
  • The study found that oligodendrocytes in the spinal cords of these pigs show early activation, followed by astrocyte and microglia activation, with changes in extracellular vesicle (EV) production indicating earlier signs of disease before symptoms arise.
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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized vesicles released by almost all body tissues, representing important mediators of cellular communication, and are thus promising candidate biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of the present study was to isolate total EVs from plasma and characterize their microRNA (miRNA) contents in AD patients. We isolated total EVs from the plasma of all recruited subjects using ExoQuickULTRA exosome precipitation solution (SBI).

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Extensive evidence indicates that the activation of the P2X receptor (P2XR), an ATP-gated ion channel highly expressed in immune and brain cells, is strictly associated with the release of extracellular vesicles. Through this process, P2XR-expressing cells regulate non-classical protein secretion and transfer bioactive components to other cells, including misfolded proteins, participating in inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we summarize and discuss the studies addressing the impact of P2XR activation on extracellular vesicle release and their activities.

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