Astrocytes in the mouse brain respond bilaterally to unilateral retinal neurodegeneration.

Glaucomatous optic neuropathy, or glaucoma, is the world's primary cause of irreversible blindness. Glaucoma is comorbid with other neurodegenerative diseases, but how it might impact the environment of the full central nervous system to increase neurodegenerative vulnerability is unknown. Two neurodegenerative events occur early in the optic nerve, the structural link between the retina and brain: loss of anterograde transport in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons and early alterations in astrocyte structure and function.

Oxytocin induces embryonic diapause.

Embryonic development in many species, including case reports in humans, can be temporarily halted before implantation during a process called diapause. Facultative diapause occurs under conditions of maternal metabolic stress such as nursing. While molecular mechanisms of diapause have been studied, a natural inducing factor has yet to be identified.

Wheat Source-Sink Metabolic Network Dynamics during Grain Filling under Drought-Heat Combined Stress.

Abiotic stresses such as drought (DS), heat (HS), and drought-heat combined stress (HD) frequently occur during wheat grain filling, significantly impacting yield and quality. This study investigated the response of a widely cultivated high-quality, strong-gluten wheat variety (Xinong 979) to DS, HS, and HD at the morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels during grain filling. Results indicated that abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation ability and proline accumulation were significantly enhanced under HD, with significant reductions in photosynthetic capacity, grain dimensions, and thousand kernel weight (TKW).

A feasibility study of lung tumor segmentation on kilo-voltage radiographic images with transfer learning: Toward tumor motion tracking in radiotherapy.

Purpose: To segment the lung tumor on kilo-voltage X-ray radiographic images acquired during treatment toward the markerless lung tumor tracking.

Methods: Per IRB approval, 1150 radiographic images from 80 lung cancer patients were included in the study. We developed a transfer learning deep segmentation net jury committee (TL-DSN-JC) algorithm to segment lung tumors on these images.

Evaluating Feasibility and Acceptability of a Telehealth Integrative Pain Management Program Among Primary Care Safety-Net Patients.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated pain care inequities for low-income people. The Telehealth Integrative Pain Management Program (t-IPMP) was developed to provide pain management services for patients in public health clinics of the San Francisco Health Network (SFHN). Adapted from an existing program, t-IPMP delivered multimodal pain treatment via telehealth groups when in-person healthcare was restricted.