How could primary care meet the informatics needs of UK Biobank? A Scottish proposal.

UK Biobank is an ambitious post-genomic project involving the recruitment and follow-up of 500 000 volunteers aged 45 to 69 years. Many primary care teams will be involved in the study directly or indirectly. The programme of research will use at least five data sources: paper-based questionnaires, blood samples, genotype information derived from the bloods, clinical/prescribing data from the medical records, and data on deaths.

Myeloperoxidase-catalyzed redox-cycling of phenol promotes lipid peroxidation and thiol oxidation in HL-60 cells.

Various types of cancer occur in peroxidase-rich target tissues of animals exposed to aryl alcohols and amines. Unlike biotransformation by cytochrome P450 enzymes, peroxidases activate most substrates by one-electron oxidation via radical intermediates. This work analyzed the peroxidase-dependent formation of phenoxyl radicals in HL-60 cells and its contribution to cytotoxicity and genotoxicity.

NO-redox paradox: direct oxidation of alpha-tocopherol and alpha-tocopherol-mediated oxidation of ascorbate.

Nitric-oxide (NO) can act as both a pro- or an antioxidant, yielding either cytotoxic or protective effects, respectively. The previously unrecognized redox interactions of NO with antioxidants, and not solely its well-known reactions with oxygen radicals, peroxyl radicals and transition metal centers, may be essential for its dual mechanisms in cells. Since the alpha-tocopherol/ascorbate redox cycle is central to antioxidant protection, we studied the direct effects of NO on alpha-tocopherol, ascorbate and combinations thereof in aqueous, micellar environments using ESR spectral and HPLC quantitative techniques.

Hepatocyte inducible nitric oxide synthesis is influenced in vitro by cell density.

Hepatocyte plating density is known to affect cell function. Human and rat hepatocytes have been shown to express the inducible nitric oxide synthase (INOS) in response to cytokines plus lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The following studies were performed to determine the effects of hepatocyte plating density on the regulation of INOS.