Survival of patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder in indonesia: a single institution review.

Objective: To describe for the first time the survival of bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) in Indonesia, according to clinicopathological characteristics.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective study of bladder TCC survival in a single institution, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia's national tertiary referral centre, between the years 1995 and 2005. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to determine the overall survival (OS).

Testosterone replacement therapy in prostate cancer patients: is it safe?

The increasing population of elderly men means there is also an increase in those suffering from late-onset hypogonadism and testosterone deficiency, with all its attending consequences such as reduced libido, erectile dysfunction, metabolic disturbances, cardiovascular disease, decreased bone density and reduced quality of life. The use of testosterone replacement therapy may benefit such patients but remains controversial, especially with regard to the risk it may have on prostate cancer. However, there is no conclusive evidence that testosterone therapy increases the risk of developing prostate cancer nor is there any evidence to suggest that it can convert subclinical or indolent prostate cancer into a clinically significant one.

The endogenous anti-angiogenic VEGF isoform, VEGF165b inhibits human tumour growth in mice.

Vascular endothelial growth factor-A is widely regarded as the principal stimulator of angiogenesis required for tumour growth. VEGF is generated as multiple isoforms of two families, the pro-angiogenic family generated by proximal splice site selection in the terminal exon, termed VEGFxxx, and the anti-angiogenic family formed by distal splice site selection in the terminal exon, termed VEGFxxxb, where xxx is the amino acid number. The most studied isoforms, VEGF165 and VEGF165b have been shown to be present in tumour and normal tissues respectively.

Prognostic factors for upper tract transitional cell carcinoma: a retrospective review of 66 patients.

Objective: We assessed the prognostic factors on recurrence and disease-specific survival of patients treated for upper tract transitional cell carcinoma (TCC).

Methods: Data on 66 patients who were treated for upper tract TCC in a single centre over a 13-year period were analysed. Mean follow-up time was 49.