Underwater and surface tethered swimming, lower limb strength, and somatic traits as the basic indices of young swimmers' sprint performance.

: The ability to swim fast underwater is believed to be connected to lower limb strength and some somatic traits. The main purpose of the study was to evaluate strength and speed parameters based on the relationship between the strength of underwater dolphin kicks and the countermovement jump test () among adolescent swimmers. : 48 adolescent male swimmers (13.

Acute effects of multi-ingredient pre-workout dietary supplement on anaerobic performance in untrained men: a randomized, crossover, single blind study.

Background: Multi-ingredient pre-workout dietary supplements (MIPS), which are combinations of different ingredients acting on different physiological mechanisms, can have a synergistic effect and improve performance. The aim of the study was to determine the acute effects of a multi-ingredient pre-workout supplement containing: beta-alanine, taurine, caffeine, L-tyrosine, and cayenne pepper (capsaicin) on anaerobic performance.

Methods: A randomized, crossover, single-blind study was designed.

Nonlinear Analysis of the Hand and Foot Force-Time Profiles in the Four Competitive Swimming Strokes.

Human locomotion on water depends on the force produced by the swimmer to propel the body forward. Performance of highly complex motor tasks like swimming can yield minor variations that only nonlinear analysis can be sensitive enough to detect. The purpose of the present study was to examine the nonlinear properties of the hand/feet forces and describe their variations across the four competitive swimming strokes performing segmental and full-body swimming.

Oxygen uptake kinetics and biological age in relation to pulling force and 400-m front crawl performance in young swimmers.

The study aimed to assess differences in the biological age () of 13-year-old swimmers and show their ability, as biologically younger- or older-, to develop fast 60-s oxygen uptake () kinetics and tethered swimming strength. Furthermore, the interplay between swimming strength, , and 400-m front crawl race performance was examined. The study involved 36 competitive young male swimmers (metrical age: 12.

kinetics and tethered strength influence the 200-m front crawl stroke kinematics and speed in young male swimmers.

The aim of this research was to examine the relationship between the fast component of oxygen consumption developed in 1-min and force indices both measured in tethered swimming test and to assess the influence of the gathered indices on speed and swimming kinematics in 200-m front crawl race. Forty-eight male swimmers (aged 13.5 ± 0.