Dynamical yield criterion for granular matter from first principles.

We investigate, using a recently developed model of liquid state theory describing the rheology of dense granular flows, how a yield stress appears in granular matter at the yielding transition. Our model allows us to predict an analytical equation of the corresponding dynamical yield surface, which is compared to the usual models of solid fracture. In particular, this yield surface interpolates between the typical failure behaviors of soft and hard materials.

How are cell and tissue structure and function influenced by gravity and what are the gravity perception mechanisms?

Progress in mechanobiology allowed us to better understand the important role of mechanical forces in the regulation of biological processes. Space research in the field of life sciences clearly showed that gravity plays a crucial role in biological processes. The space environment offers the unique opportunity to carry out experiments without gravity, helping us not only to understand the effects of gravitational alterations on biological systems but also the mechanisms underlying mechanoperception and cell/tissue response to mechanical and gravitational stresses.

Laser melting manufacturing of large elements of lunar regolith simulant for paving on the Moon.

The next steps for the expansion of the human presence in the solar system will be taken on the Moon. However, due to the low lunar gravity, the suspended dust generated when lunar rovers move across the lunar soil is a significant risk for lunar missions as it can affect the systems of the exploration vehicles. One solution to mitigate this problem is the construction of roads and landing pads on the Moon.