Impact of Nonmedical Switches From Reference Infliximab to Biosimilars on Disease Control Within a Rheumatology Practice.

Infliximab is an anti-tumor necrosis factor agent used to treat rheumatologic disease. Evidence on the safety of switching to biosimilars and the associated risk factors for flares/loss of disease control within rheumatology is limited. The primary objective is to evaluate nonmedical switches from reference infliximab to biosimilars in rheumatology on risks and level of disease control.

Transition Mutations in the hTERT Promoter Are Unrelated to Potential i-motif Formation in the C-Rich Strand.

Increased expression of the human telomere reverse transcriptase (hTERT) in tumors promotes tumor cell survival and diminishes the survival of patients. Cytosine-to-thymine (C-to-T) transition mutations (C250T or C228T) in the promoter create binding sites for transcription factors, which enhance transcription. The G-rich strand of the promoter can form G-quadruplex structures, whereas the C-rich strand can form an i-motif in which multiple cytosine residues are protonated.

Sirtuin-dependent metabolic and epigenetic regulation of macrophages during tuberculosis.

Macrophages are the preeminent phagocytic cells which control multiple infections. Tuberculosis a leading cause of death in mankind and the causative organism (MTB) infects and persists in macrophages. Macrophages use reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) and autophagy to kill and degrade microbes including MTB.

DNA Base Excision Repair Intermediates Influence Duplex-Quadruplex Equilibrium.

Although genomic DNA is predominantly duplex under physiological conditions, particular sequence motifs can favor the formation of alternative secondary structures, including the G-quadruplex. These structures can exist within gene promoters, telomeric DNA, and regions of the genome frequently found altered in human cancers. DNA is also subject to hydrolytic and oxidative damage, and its local structure can influence the type of damage and its magnitude.

Operative room time comparison between general and spinal anesthesia in total hip arthroplasty: an institutional study.

Purpose: A relatively high expense with any procedure is total operative time; two components being the time spent anesthetizing the patient and time spent transferring the patient out of the operating room (OR). Both times can be affected by the anesthetic method used. This study compares different operative time intervals for both spinal anesthesia (SA) and general anesthesia (GA), in patients undergoing a primary total hip arthroplasty (THA), to identify the most appropriate and cost-effective anesthetic method.