Disentangling Sources of Momentum Fluctuations in Xe+Xe and Pb+Pb Collisions with the ATLAS Detector.

High-energy nuclear collisions create a quark-gluon plasma, whose initial condition and subsequent expansion vary from event to event, impacting the distribution of the eventwise average transverse momentum [P([p_{T}])]. Disentangling the contributions from fluctuations in the nuclear overlap size (geometrical component) and other sources at a fixed size (intrinsic component) remains a challenge. This problem is addressed by measuring the mean, variance, and skewness of P([p_{T}]) in ^{208}Pb+^{208}Pb and ^{129}Xe+^{129}Xe collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.

Dependence of clot structure and fibrinolysis on apixaban and clotting activator.

Background: Anticoagulants prevent the formation of potentially fatal blood clots. Apixaban is a direct oral anticoagulant that inhibits factor (F)Xa, thereby impeding the conversion of prothrombin into thrombin and the formation of blood clots. Blood clots are held together by fibrin networks that must be broken down (fibrinolysis) to restore blood flow.

The impact of sleep restriction on cerebrovascular reactivity and cognitive outcomes in healthy adolescents: A pilot crossover trial.

Background: The underlying mechanism for the association between sleep restriction (SR) and unfavorable cognitive outcomes in children and adolescents remains unclear. This study aimed to understand the effect of 5-night experimental SR on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements of cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) and cognitive function in adolescents.

Methods: This randomized crossover study compared two sleep conditions, SR and Control Sleep (CS) in a home setting.

Image-guided Access to the Spinal Subarachnoid Space in Children.

Image guidance is becoming standard of practice for cerebrospinal fluid sampling in children to improve success rates and avoid complications. This article discusses various imaging guidance techniques available in the pediatric age group. For neonates and infants, imaging guidance using ultrasound is the technique of choice, and for older children, fluoroscopy or even cone beam computed tomography can be used when anatomy is complex.