Development of derivatization reagents bearing chiral 4-imidazolidinone for distinguishing primary amines from other amino acids and application to the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric analysis of miso.

We designed and synthesized three novel derivatization reagents bearing chiral 4-imidazolidinone, namely succinimidyl 2-(3-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-1-methyl, ethyl, and -phenyl-5-oxoimidazolidin-4-yl)acetates (CIMs), for use in liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. The CIMs were able to discriminate primary amines from other compounds such as secondary amines and phenols, based on their unique m/z reduction of precursor ion to form product ion in MS/MS. As amino acid derivatization reagents, the CIMs were compared in terms of enantioseparation of amino acid and detection sensitivity.

Gymnosperms have increased capacity for electron leakage to oxygen (Mehler and PTOX reactions) in photosynthesis compared with angiosperms.

Oxygen plays an important role in photosynthesis by participating in a number of O2-consuming reactions. O2 inhibits CO2 fixation by stimulating photorespiration, thus reducing plant production. O2 interacts with photosynthetic electron transport in the chloroplasts' thylakoids in two main ways: by accepting electrons from PSI (Mehler reaction); and by accepting electrons from reduced plastoquinone (PQ) mediated by the plastid terminal oxidase (PTOX).

Room-temperature operation of npn- AlGaInAs/InP multiple quantum well transistor laser emitting at 1.3-µm wavelength.

Room-temperature pulsed operation of a 1.3-µm wavelength transistor laser (TL), consisting of a buried heterostructure (BH) with an npn configuration and an AlGaInAs/InP multiple-quantum-well (MQW) active region, was successfully attained. A threshold base current of 18 mA (threshold emitter current of 150 mA) was obtained with a stripe width of 1.

The global distribution of pure anorthosite on the Moon.

It has been thought that the lunar highland crust was formed by the crystallization and floatation of plagioclase from a global magma ocean, although the actual generation mechanisms are still debated. The composition of the lunar highland crust is therefore important for understanding the formation of such a magma ocean and the subsequent evolution of the Moon. The Multiband Imager on the Selenological and Engineering Explorer (SELENE) has a high spatial resolution of optimized spectral coverage, which should allow a clear view of the composition of the lunar crust.

Lateral current injection GaInAsP/InP laser on semi-insulating substrate for membrane-based photonic circuits.

A room-temperature pulsed operation was demonstrated using lateral current injection-type lasers composed of a 400-nm-thick GaInAsP core layer with compressively strained 5 quantum wells. A threshold current of 105 mA and corresponding density of 1.3 kA/cm(2) (260 A/cm(2) per well) were obtained with the stripe width of 5.