Efficacy and safety of nivolumab and ipilimumab with or without chemotherapy for unresectable non-small cell lung cancer: a multicenter retrospective observational study.

Introduction: Compared to platinum-based therapies, a combination of ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4) and nivolumab (anti-PD-1) has demonstrated improved outcomes in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), albeit with higher rates of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). This multicenter retrospective study evaluated the efficacy and safety of nivolumab and ipilimumab with or without chemotherapy (NI and NICT) in real-world clinical settings.

Methods: We enrolled 215 treatment-naïve NSCLC patients who received NI or NICT between December 2020 and May 2023 at 14 institutions in Japan.

One-step warming of vitrified human cleavage and blastocyst stage embryos does not adversely impact embryo survivability and subsequent developmental potential.

Study Question: Does one-step warming (OW), a simplified embryo warming protocol, adversely affect survival and developmental potential in vitrified cleavage or blastocyst stage embryos compared to standard multi-step warming (SW)?

Summary Answer: OW showed no detrimental effects on survival and developmental potential compared to SW in cleavage and blastocyst stage embryos.

What Is Known Already: While standard embryo warming protocols involve a multi-step procedure using a stepwise osmotic solution to avoid a rapid influx of water into the embryo, recent studies suggest that eliminating the stepwise warming process does not reduce embryo survival and embryo transfer outcomes. However, previous reports have focused primarily on pregnancy rates, and a more detailed analysis of the effects of rapid osmotic pressure changes on embryos is necessary to standardize the protocol.

Anti-Centromere Protein A Antibody Disrupts the Competence of Mouse Oocytes Matured In Vitro.

Introduction: Anticentromere autoantibodies are associated with refractory IVF/ET failure, but causality is unclear. Experimental models are needed.

Methods: Immature oocytes collected from 23-day-old mice were matured in vitro for 18 h in a culture medium containing an anti-human centromere protein A (CENP-A) polyclonal antibody, and those oocytes' maturity and chromosome/spindle structure were assessed.

Human metaphase II oocytes with narrow perivitelline space have poor fertilization, developmental, and pregnancy potentials.

Purpose: To analyze the fertilization, developmental, and pregnancy potentials in oocytes with narrow perivitelline space.

Methods: Perivitelline space (PVS) of oocytes was evaluated at the time of ICSI, and those without sufficient PVS were judged as oocytes with narrow PVS (NPVS oocytes), and those with sufficient PVS formation were judged as oocytes with non-narrow PVS (non-NPVS oocytes). The analysis included 634 NPVS oocytes from 278 cycles and 12,121 non-NPVS oocytes from 1698 cycles.

Small-cell Lung Carcinoma with Gastrointestinal Pseudo-obstruction as a Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome Elicited by an Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor.

Gastrointestinal pseudo-obstruction (GIPO) is a phenotype of the paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS). We herein report a case of small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) with GIPO elicited by an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI). A 75-year-old man with SCLC developed intractable intestinal obstruction after receiving one course of anticancer drugs (durvalumab, etoposide, and carboplatin).