[Giant Thrombus in the Left Atrium Showing a Rapid Growth:Report of a Case].

A 74-year-old woman had been on hemodialysis for about 2 months using a short-term indwelling dialysis catheter due to chronic kidney disease. A 20 mm-diameter left atrial neoplastic lesion was noted during a screening echocardiogram performed at the time of induction of hemodialysis. The lesion rapidly increased to 30 mm 2 months later and was referred to our hospital for surgical resection.

Closure of open window thoracostomy due to MRSA pyothorax by EWS bronchial occlusion and modified extraperiosteal air plombage: a case report.

Background: Refractory pyothorax caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a challenging clinical condition; complications such as bronchopleural fistulae can further hinder its treatment. To avoid a fatal state caused by aspirating pneumonia, open window thoracotomy is not only sometimes performed, but subsequent closure of the window can also be difficult. In this report, we describe the case of a patient with MRSA pyothorax with bronchopleural fistula in whom a successful closure of window thoracostomy was achieved by utilizing Endobronchial Watanabe Spigot　(EWS; Novatech, La Ciotat, France) bronchial occlusion and a modified extraperiosteal air plombage technique.

[Staged Hybrid Repair Including Abdominal Branches Bypass Grafting for Crawford TypeⅡ Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm:Report of a Case].

A 64-year-old female with a diagnosis of Crawford typeⅡ thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm( TAAA) including enlargement of the ascending aorta underwent a staged hybrid repair including visceral artery debranching thoracic endovascular aortic repair( TEVAR). First, total arch replacement with elephant trunk method was performed, followed by TEVAR for the descending thoracic aorta, and finally visceral artery debranching TEVAR for the thoracoabdominal aorta. Complications such as spinal cord infarction did not occur throughout the procedure.

[Requiring Differential Diagnosis of Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistula and Pulmonary Venous Aneurysm: Report of a Case].

A pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (PAVF) is a direct abnormal connection between the pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein, lacking capillary tissue. On the other hand, a pulmonary venous aneurysm (PVA) is a localized dilation and aneurysmal formation in the pulmonary vein without reflux issues. Treatment approaches for PAVF and PVA differ, considering surgery or catheter embolization for PAVF due to the risk of cerebral infarction or rupture caused by the abnormal shunt.

Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM) Presenting as Hydropneumothorax.

An 86-year-old man presented with bilateral lower limb edema and was found to have hydropneumothorax on chest radiography. CT revealed a substantial pleural effusion and plaques. The patient had a history of working in a stone workshop, but the extent of asbestos exposure remained unknown.