An open-label phase 1 clinical trial of the anti-αβ monoclonal antibody vedolizumab in HIV-infected individuals.

Despite the substantial clinical benefits of antiretroviral therapy (ART), complete eradication of HIV has not been possible. The gastrointestinal tract and associated lymphoid tissues may play an important role in the pathogenesis of HIV infection. The integrin αβ facilitates homing of T lymphocytes to the gut by binding to the mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1) expressed on venules in gut-associated lymphoid tissue.

Tegaserod for female patients suffering from IBS with mixed bowel habits or constipation: a randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: Though the greatest proportion of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients report a mixed bowel pattern (IBS-Mixed), no available therapies have been rigorously evaluated in this subgroup. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the 5-HT(4) agonist tegaserod in women with IBS-Mixed and IBS with constipation (IBS-C).

Methods: This prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter study was conducted in 100 centers in North America, South America, and Europe.

Patients with irritable bowel syndrome or constipation have an increased risk for ischaemic colitis.

Aims: To estimate the relative risk for ischaemic colitis in patients with and without irritable bowel syndrome or constipation, and to evaluate the role of irritable bowel syndrome and constipation as confounders in the relationship between commonly used gastrointestinal medications and ischaemic colitis.

Methods: Patient cohorts were identified with the use of longitudinal MarketScan research databases from 1 January 1999 to 31 December 2002. Patients in each study cohort were matched 1:1 with comparable control patients using a propensity score.

Safety, tolerability, and efficacy of tegaserod over 13 months in patients with chronic constipation.

Objective: To assess the long-term safety and tolerability of tegaserod in patients with chronic constipation (CC).

Methods: This 13-month, uncontrolled extension study enrolled CC patients who completed a 12-wk randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled core study. Patients receiving tegaserod 6 or 2 mg b.

Neurohumoral control of the exocrine pancreas.

Recent advances in the study of pancreatic exocrine secretion are reviewed, with an emphasis on neurohumoral mechanisms. In the past year, cDNA for the human pancreatic sodium-bicarbonate cotransporter was cloned, and the expressed protein was localized to pancreatic acini and ductal cells. Recent information suggests that the cholecystokinin B receptor has a role in pancreatic amylase release.