Development of an abdominal wall abscess caused by fish bone ingestion: a case report.

Background: A small percentage of patients with foreign body ingestion develop complications, which have a variety of clinical presentations. Less than 1% of cases require surgical intervention. We present a patient with an abdominal wall abscess resulting from a fish bone that pierced the cecum.

Primary hepatic carcinosarcoma with multimodal treatment.

Hepatic carcinosarcoma (HCS) generally presents in advanced stages, demonstrates aggressive behavior, and has a poor prognosis. Other than curative primary resection, no effective treatment options exist. We present a case of resected HCS with four repeat resections for solitary lymph node recurrence followed by chemoradiotherapy with doxorubicin and ifosfamide.

Low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) influences the multilineage differentiation of mesenchymal stem and progenitor cell lines through ROCK-Cot/Tpl2-MEK-ERK signaling pathway.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pluripotent cells that can differentiate into multilineage cell types, including adipocytes and osteoblasts. Mechanical stimulus is one of the crucial factors in regulating MSC differentiation. However, it remains unknown how mechanical stimulus affects the balance between adipogenesis and osteogenesis.

LPS-induced chemokine expression in both MyD88-dependent and -independent manners is regulated by Cot/Tpl2-ERK axis in macrophages.

LPS signaling is mediated through MyD88-dependent and -independent pathways, activating NF-?B, MAP kinases and IRF3. Cot/Tpl2 is an essential upstream kinase in LPS-mediated activation of ERKs. Here we explore the roles of MyD88 and Cot/Tpl2 in LPS-induced chemokine expression by studying myd88(-/-) and cot/tpl2(-/-) macrophages.

Molecular mechanisms of the inhibitory effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on osteoblast differentiation.

Osteoblasts express Toll like receptor (TLR) 4 and produce osteoclast-activating cytokines in response to the stimulation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). It has recently been reported that LPS exerts an inhibitory effect on osteoblast differentiation into osteocytes. However, the molecular mechanisms of this inhibitory effect remain ambiguous.