Switch-like phosphorylation of WRN integrates end-resection with RAD51 metabolism at collapsed replication forks.

Replication-dependent DNA double-strand breaks are harmful lesions preferentially repaired by homologous recombination (HR), a process that requires processing of DNA ends to allow RAD51-mediated strand invasion. End resection and subsequent repair are two intertwined processes, but the mechanism underlying their execution is still poorly appreciated. The WRN helicase is one of the crucial factors for end resection and is instrumental in selecting the proper repair pathway.

PHOSPHORYLATION-DEPENDENT ASSOCIATION OF WRN WITH RPA IS REQUIRED FOR RECOVERY OF REPLICATION FORKS STALLED AT SECONDARY DNA STRUCTURES.

The WRN protein mutated in the hereditary premature aging disorder Werner syndrome plays a vital role in handling, processing, and restoring perturbed replication forks. One of its most abundant partners, Replication Protein A (RPA), has been shown to robustly enhance WRN helicase activity in specific cases when tested . However, the significance of RPA-binding to WRN at replication forks in vivo has remained largely unexplored.

Survival of different microbial strains in pure and diluted tattoo inks.

Several microorganisms can be found in tattoo inks injected into the skin, despite the ink matrix being considered inhospitable to microbial growth. Studies on the microbial quality of tattoo inks have reported the presence of microorganisms in most of the samples. This study aimed to assess the survival of environmental and human microbial species, selected on the specific criteria, in tattoo inks.

An Italian survey on the microbiological safety of toys containing aqueous media.

Aims: The purpose of the present investigation is to fill the current gap in information regarding the microbiological quality of toys containing aqueous media and the related risks for users.

Methods: Over 18 years, a total of 491 sealed toys containing aqueous media were analysed using conventional microbial culture methods. In addition, molecular methods (PCR/nested RT-PCR, followed by Sanger sequencing) were employed to test for enteric viruses (enteroviruses and adenoviruses) in a subset of toys; subsequently, the infectivity of the positive samples was tested on cell cultures.

Behavior of and in Water from Filter Jugs.

Careless use conditions of filter jugs were applied to simulate and evaluate the behavior of two ubiquitous aquatic bacterial species, and . According to a reference protocol, nine different jugs of popular brands sold in the Italian market were used for the test. Separately, a suspension of the two bacteria was spiked in water used for filling the jugs.