Comparing Different Methods for the Diagnosis of Liver Steatosis: What Are the Best Diagnostic Tools?

Background: Due to the ongoing organ shortage, marginal grafts with steatosis are more frequently used in liver transplantation, leading to higher occurrences of graft dysfunction. A histological analysis is the gold standard for the quantification of liver steatosis (LS), but has its drawbacks: it is an invasive method that varies from one pathologist to another and is not available in every hospital at the time of organ procurement. This study aimed to compare non-invasive diagnostic tools to a histological analysis for the quantification of liver steatosis.

free spectral unmixing with periodic absorbance changes: application for auto-calibrated intraoperative functional brain mapping.

Spectral unmixing designates techniques that allow to decompose measured spectra into linear or non-linear combination of spectra of all targets (endmembers). This technique was initially developed for satellite applications, but it is now also widely used in biomedical applications. However, several drawbacks limit the use of these techniques with standard optical devices like RGB cameras.

Evaluation of deep learning models for quality control of MR spectra.

Purpose: While 3D MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) provides valuable spatial metabolic information, one of the hurdles for clinical translation is its interpretation, with voxel-wise quality control (QC) as an essential and the most time-consuming step. This work evaluates the accuracy of machine learning (ML) models for automated QC filtering of individual spectra from 3D healthy control and patient datasets.

Methods: A total of 53 3D MRSI datasets from prior studies (30 neurological diseases, 13 brain tumors, and 10 healthy controls) were included in the study.

An Explicit Estimated Baseline Model for Robust Estimation of Fluorophores Using Multiple-Wavelength Excitation Fluorescence Spectroscopy.

Spectroscopy is a popular technique for identifying and quantifying fluorophores in fluorescent materials. However, quantifying the fluorophore of interest can be challenging when the material also contains other fluorophores (baseline), particularly if the emission spectrum of the baseline is not well-defined and overlaps with that of the fluorophore of interest. In this work, we propose a method that is free from any prior assumptions about the baseline by utilizing fluorescence signals at multiple excitation wavelengths.

Intraoperative identification of functional brain areas with RGB imaging using statistical parametric mapping: Simulation and clinical studies.

Complementary technique to preoperative fMRI and electrical brain stimulation (EBS) for glioma resection could improve dramatically the surgical procedure and patient care. Intraoperative RGB optical imaging is a technique for localizing functional areas of the human cerebral cortex that can be used during neurosurgical procedures. However, it still lacks robustness to be used with neurosurgical microscopes as a clinical standard.