Bronchoscopic biopsies - a novel source for primary airway epithelial cells in respiratory research.

Background: Using primary airway epithelial cells (AEC) is essential to mimic more closely different types and stages of lung disease in humans while reducing or even replacing animal experiments. Access to lung tissue remains limited because these samples are generally obtained from patients who undergo lung transplantation for end-stage lung disease or thoracic surgery for (mostly) lung cancer. We investigated whether forceps or cryo biopsies are a viable alternative source of AEC compared to the conventional technique.

Identifying hand gestures for pedestrian-driver communication.

Road traffic is largely defined by clear rules and laws. However, there are certain situations that are ambiguous and in which explicit communication between road users is needed to resolve such misjudgements or ambiguities. Especially hand gestures can be used to coordinate traffic by conveying different intentions, which refer to one's own behaviour or the change in the behaviour of others.

Myelin basic protein and TREM2 quantification in the CSF of patients with Multiple System Atrophy and other Parkinsonian conditions.

Background: It is well known that myelin disruption and neuroinflammation are early and distinct pathological hallmarks in multiple system atrophy (MSA) as well as in idiopathic Parkinson's disease and in other atypical Parkinsonian syndromes. The objective of this study was to assess the value of non-neuronal biomarker candidates that reflect myelin disruption and neuroinflammation.

Methods: Myelin basic protein (MBP) and the soluble form of TREM2 were quantified in a comprehensive movement disorder cohort from two different neurological centers, comprising a total of 171 CSF samples.

Correction: The Theory of Planned Behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic: A comparison of health behaviors between Belgian and French residents.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Inflammatory Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and IFN-responsive T cells are key mediators of human bone marrow niche remodeling in CHIP and MDS.

Somatic mutations in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) can lead to clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), potentially progressing to myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Here, we investigated how CHIP and MDS remodel the human bone marrow (BM) niche relative to healthy elderly donors, using single cell and anatomical analyses in a large BM cohort. We found distinct inflammatory remodeling of the BM in CHIP and MDS.