What changed after the 2022 guidelines for pulmonary hypertension?

With an estimated prevalence of around 1%, pulmonary hypertension (PH) presents a relevant burden worldwide. In this review, we aim to give an overview of the novelties from the revised European Society of Cardiology (ESC) /European Respiratory Society (ERS) guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of PH and their implication for the everyday clinical practice.

Use of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes and medication use data to identify nosocomial Clostridium difficile infection.

Objective: The International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) code for Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is used for surveillance of CDI. However, the ICD-9-CM code alone cannot separate nosocomial cases from cases acquired outside the institution. The purpose of this study was to determine whether combining the ICD-9-CM code with medication treatment data for CDI in hospitalized patients could enable us to distinguish between patients with nosocomial CDI and patients who were admitted with CDI.

Use of high-dose ganciclovir for a resistant cytomegalovirus infection due to UL97 mutation.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a major complication following solid organ transplantation resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. The guidelines published in 2004 have recommendations for therapy; however, the frequency of resistant CMV infection is increasing and therapy is not clearly defined. There are a few alternatives to ganciclovir such as foscarnet, cidofovir, and leflunomide; however, their use is limited by adverse effects.

Human papillomavirus vaccines.

Objective: To review the pharmacology, efficacy, safety, tolerability, and pharmacoeconomics of Cervarix and Gardasil, 2 human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines.

Data Sources: English-language articles were obtained by MEDLINE search (1966-February 2006) using the key words human papillomavirus vaccine, Cervarix, and Gardasil. Bibliographies of selected articles were used to identify additional sources.