Dysglycemia and liver lipid content determine the relationship of insulin resistance with hepatic OXPHOS capacity in obesity.

Background & Aims: Hepatic mitochondrial respiration is higher in steatosis, but lower in overt type 2 diabetes. We hypothesized that hepatic oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity increases with a greater degree of insulin resistance in obesity, independent of other metabolic diseases.

Methods: We analyzed 65 humans without diabetes (BMI 50 ± 7 kg/m, hemoglobin A1c 5.

Different effects of bariatric surgery on epigenetic plasticity in skeletal muscle of individuals with and without type 2 diabetes.

Aim: Bariatric surgery is highly effective for the treatment of obesity in individuals without (OB) and in those with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, whether bariatric surgery triggers similar or distinct molecular changes in OB and T2D remains unknown. Given that individuals with type 2 diabetes often exhibit more severe metabolic deterioration, we hypothesized that bariatric surgery induces distinct molecular adaptations in skeletal muscle, the major site of glucose uptake, of OB and T2D after surgery-induced weight loss.

Loss of mitochondrial adaptation associates with deterioration of mitochondrial turnover and structure in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Background: Obesity and type 2 diabetes frequently have metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) including steatohepatitis (MASH). In obesity, the liver may adapt its oxidative capacity, but the role of mitochondrial turnover in MASLD remains uncertain.

Methods: This cross-sectional study compared individuals with class III obesity (n = 8/group) without (control, OBE CON; NAFLD activity score: 0.

Metabolic surgery-induced changes of the growth hormone system relate to improved adipose tissue function.

Aims: Body weight loss improves insulin resistance and growth hormone secretion in obesity, which may be regulated by leptin according to preclinical studies. How changes in leptin, lipids and insulin sensitivity after bariatric (metabolic) surgery affect the human growth hormone system is yet unclear.

Participants And Methods: People with obesity (OBE, n = 79, BMI 50.