Differential Cytotoxicity and Inflammatory Responses to Particulate Matter Components in Airway Structural Cells.

Particulate matter (PM) is a major component of ambient air pollution. PM exposure is linked to numerous adverse health effects, including chronic lung diseases. Air quality guidelines designed to regulate levels of ambient PM are currently based on the mass concentration of different particle sizes, independent of their origin and chemical composition.

The INGENIOUS project: towards understanding air pollution in homes.

This paper provides an overview of the INGENIOUS (UnderstandING the sourcEs, traNsformations and fates of IndOor air pollUtantS) project, aiming to better understand air pollution in homes. Although our homes are the microenvironment in which we spend most of our time, we know relatively little about the sources, transformation processes and fates of indoor air pollutants, or our exposure to them. INGENIOUS aims to address this knowledge gap by delivering: an indoor emissions inventory for UK homes; comprehensive air pollutant measurements in 310 homes in Bradford using a combination of low cost-sensors and more advanced air quality instrumentation; an analysis of the impact of indoor air pollution on outdoor air quality and using mobile measurements; insight into future indoor air quality using detailed air pollution models; identification of indoor air pollutants that warrant further toxicological study; and better understanding of the barriers and facilitators for behaviour that drives improved indoor air quality.

Electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical investigation of Ru(por)(NO)(OAr) derivatives (por = octaethylporphyrin, tetraanisolylporphyrin; Ar = Ph, CH-2-NHC(O)CF; CH-2,6-(NHC(O)CF)).

The electrochemistry and spectroelectrochemistry of Ru(porphyrin)(NO)(phenoxide) complexes Ru(por)(NO)(OPh) (por = OEP, 1a; TAP, 2a; Ph = CH), Ru(por)(NO)(OAr) (por = OEP, 1b; TAP, 2b; OAr = -OCH-(2-NHC(O)CF)), Ru(por)(NO)(OAr) (por = OEP, 1c; TAP, 2c; OAr = OCH-(2,6-NHC(O)CF); OEP = octaethylporphyrinato dianion, TAP = tetraanisolylporphyrinato dianion) indicate that initial one-electron oxidation results in structure-dependent net reactivity at the phenoxide ligand. Oxidation of 1a generates 1a+, which undergoes a relatively slow rate-limiting second-order follow-up reaction. In contrast, 2a undergoes a diffusion-limited follow-up reaction after oxidation.

Do community-based digital health inclusion programmes contribute to tackling health inequalities in disadvantaged population groups?: a qualitative study of experiences of a city-wide programme in the North of England.

Background: Advances in digital healthcare and health information provide benefits to the public. However, lack of digital skills together with access, confidence, trust and motivation issues present seemingly insurmountable barriers for many. Such digital health exclusion exacerbates existing health inequalities experienced by older people, people with less income, less education or who don't have English as a first language.

Pediatric Dialysis: Ethical Dilemmas Faced by Pediatric Intensive Care Nurses.

Whether pediatric dialysis is morally obligatory is an ethical issue. The study's aim was to understand neonatal and pediatric intensive care unit (ICU) nurses' beliefs regarding the ethical use of pediatric dialysis. A single center study was conducted using theoretical and case-based surveys.