How to distinguish a benign from a malignant tumour in children and when should a biopsy be done and by whom.

Bone tumours are frequent in children but most of them are benign. Moreover, the incidence and type of tumours differ from those of adults. As an orthopaedic surgeon, we will likely encounter a bone lesion in a child and we must be able to distinguish if it is a benign lesion or has malignant characteristics and it is necessary to refer it to a centre specialized in tumours.

The fate of the malrotated elbow supracondylar fractures in children: is varus really a problem?

Purpose: To evaluate the functional and cosmetic effects of elbow supracondylar fractures (SCF) in children with residual rotational deformity.

Methods: Retrospective review cohort of patients with evidence of malrotation after treatment for SCF. An analysis of the postoperative X-ray of 305 consecutive SCF type 3 treated surgically during five years identified 46 elbows with rotational deformity that fulfilled the selection criteria and were recalled for review; only 27 patients agreed to participate.

Surgical treatment of pycnodysostosis associated with pathological tibial fracture : Case report and review of the literature.

Background: Pycnodysostosis is a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal disorder of bone characterized by diffuse skeletal condensation with thickening of the cortex and narrowing of the medullary canal.

Case Presentation: We present the case of a 4-year-old girl diagnosed with pycnodysostosis and associated pathological tibial fracture. The tibia had an absence of medullary canal.

A Genomic Snapshot of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in the Balearic Islands.

To analyze the SARS-CoV-2 genomic epidemiology in the Balearic Islands, a unique setting in which the course of the pandemic has been influenced by a complex interplay between insularity, severe social restrictions and tourism travels. Since the onset of the pandemic, more than 2,700 SARS-CoV-2 positive respiratory samples have been randomly selected and sequenced in the Balearic Islands. Genetic diversity of circulating variants was assessed by lineage assignment of consensus whole genome sequences with PANGOLIN and investigation of additional spike mutations.