Frailty in Aging HIV-Positive Individuals: An Evolving Healthcare Landscape.

The life expectancy of people living with HIV (PLWH) has greatly increased due to advancements in combination antiretroviral treatment (cART). However, this longer life has also increased the prevalence of age-related comorbidities, such as frailty, which now manifest sooner in this group. Frailty, a term coined by the insurance industry, has been broadened to include physical, cognitive, and emotional elements and has been recognized as a critical predictor of negative health outcomes.

Human heart conjugate cooling simulation: unsteady thermo-fluid-stress analysis.

The main objective of this work was to demonstrate computationally that realistic human hearts can be cooled much faster by performing conjugate heat transfer consisting of pumping a cold liquid through the cardiac chambers and major veins while keeping the heart submerged in cold gelatin filling a cooling container. The human heart geometry used for simulations was obtained from three-dimensional, high resolution CT-angio scans. Two fluid flow domains for the right (pulmonic) and left (systemic) heart circulations, and two solid domains for the heart tissue and gelatin solution were defined for multi-domain numerical simulation.

A novel approach to ICD lead revision in a patient with extensive vascular thrombosis.

Chronic extensive thrombosis of the venous system is a commonly encountered problem in end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing transvenous device implantation, lead extraction or lead revision. We describe a case of an ESRD patient with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) that failed to deliver therapy due to lead fracture. Patient needed revision of the ICD lead system, but had extensive axillary-subclavian-superior vena cava occlusion.

Quantification of tryptophan transport and metabolism in lung tumors using PET.

Unlabelled: Abnormal tryptophan metabolism catalyzed by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase may play a prominent role in tumor immunoresistance in many tumor types, including lung tumors. The goal of this study was to evaluate the in vivo kinetics of alpha-(11)C-methyl-l-tryptophan (AMT), a PET tracer for tryptophan metabolism, in human lung tumors.

Methods: Tracer transport and metabolic rates were evaluated in 18 lesions of 10 patients using dynamic PET/CT with AMT.