Water, sanitation, handwashing, and nutritional interventions can reduce child antibiotic use: evidence from Bangladesh and Kenya.

Antibiotics can trigger antimicrobial resistance and microbiome alterations. Reducing pathogen exposure and undernutrition can reduce infections and antibiotic use. We assess effects of water, sanitation, handwashing (WSH) and nutrition interventions on caregiver-reported antibiotic use in Bangladesh and Kenya, longitudinally measured at three timepoints among birth cohorts (ages 3-28 months) in a cluster-randomized trial.

Developing Topics.

Background: p-Tau 217 is considered the most accurate single plasma biomarker for detecting amyloid pathology. Recent draft Alzheimer's Association criteria for diagnosing Alzheimer's recommends that p-Tau 217 tests be designed with two cut-offs in recognition of signal overlap between diseased and non-diseased subjects. Two cutoffs maximizes the accuracy of the test, but leaves a diagnostic intermediate zone with uncertainty of amyloid status.

Estimating effective reproduction numbers using wastewater data from multiple sewersheds for SARS-CoV-2 in California counties.

The effective reproduction number serves as a metric of population-wide, time-varying disease spread. During the early years of the COVID-19 pandemic, this metric was primarily derived from case data, which has varied in quality and representativeness due to changes in testing volume, test-seeking behavior, and resource constraints. Deriving nowcasting estimates from alternative data sources such as wastewater provides complementary information that could inform future public health responses.

Perioperative Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Adults: A Single-Center Retrospective Review and Analysis.

Introduction: Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) for refractory in-hospital cardiac arrest has been associated with improved survival compared with conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Perioperative patients represent a unique of the inpatient population. This study aims to describe and analyze the characteristics and outcomes of patients who received ECPR for perioperative cardiac arrest (POCA).