Diabetic cardiomyopathy: pathophysiology, imaging assessment and therapeutical strategies.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors in the general population, being associated with high morbidity and socioeconomic burden. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a non-negligible complication of DM, whose pathophysiological fundaments are the altered cardiac metabolism, the hyperglycemia-triggered formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and the inflammatory milieu which are typical in diabetic patients. These metabolic abnormalities lead to cardiomyocytes apoptosis, interstitial fibrosis and mechanical cardiac dysfunction, which can be identified with non-invasive imaging techniques, like echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance.

Length of hospital stay, delayed pneumonia diagnosis and post-discharge mortality. The Pneumonia in Italian Acute Care for Elderly units (PIACE)-SIGOT study.

Background: High-income countries are currently decreasing length of hospital stay (LOS), with the aim of improving resource utilization. Little is known about the contribution of LOS to short-term post-discharge mortality in older patients with pneumonia.

Aim: to identify factors independently associated with LOS and to determine whether LOS predicts 3-month post-discharge death in older patients hospitalized for pneumonia.

Circadian rhythms and cancer: implications for timing in therapy.

Circadian rhythms, intrinsic cycles spanning approximately 24 h, regulate numerous physiological processes, including sleep-wake cycles, hormone release, and metabolism. These rhythms are orchestrated by the circadian clock, primarily located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus. Disruptions in circadian rhythms, whether due to genetic mutations, environmental factors, or lifestyle choices, can significantly impact health, contributing to disorders such as sleep disturbances, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases.

Wildfire smoke and health impacts: a narrative review.

Objective: Air pollution emission associated with wildfires is a global concern, contributing to air quality deterioration and severely impacting public health. This narrative review aims to provide an overview of wildfire smoke (WFS) characteristics and associated impacts on adults' and children's health.

Data Source: Literature review based on a bibliographic survey in PubMed (National Library of Medicine, United States), SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), and Google Scholar databases.