Psychological determinants and evidence-based behavior change interventions in adherence to therapy for familial hypercholesterolemia.

Purpose Of Review: Patients with familial hypercholesterolemia have an elevated risk of premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Risks can be minimized through pharmacological and 'lifestyle' behavioral (low fat diet, physical activity) therapies, although therapeutic adherence is sub-optimal. Behavioral interventions to promote familial hypercholesterolemia therapy adherence should be informed by theory-based psychological determinants for maximal efficacy.

Evidence inhibitory self-control moderates effects of habit on complex but not simple health behaviors.

Theoretically, self-control can be considered as both a facilitator of habit development and a moderator of whether behavior occurs habitually. However, debate remains on the contexts in which such relationships are likely to occur. The current study tested whether self-control, conceptualized into inhibitory and initiatory facets, would predict healthy behavior via habits or moderate the habit-behavior relationship, and whether these effects differed across complex (bootcamp attendance N = 69, physical activity in pregnant women N = 115) and simple (flossing N = 254) behaviors.

Maintaining habitual physical activity by overcoming disruptive competing actions: mechanisms and interventions.

Habits are mental representations of associations between actions and contextual contingencies. Habit formation can be efficacious in promoting health behavior maintenance, including for highly complex behaviors such as physical activity. Changes in circumstances (e.

Prognostic Impact of Anemia and Blood Transfusions on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Vascular Surgery: A Scoping Review.

Objective: Prior studies suggest an association of anemia and blood transfusion with increased morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. However, the impact of perioperative anemia and blood transfusion on clinical outcomes in patients undergoing major vascular surgery has been poorly defined yet. The primary objectives of this scoping review were to determine the extent of the evidence base that links anemia and blood transfusions to mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in patients undergoing major vascular surgery, and identify recurring themes or gaps in the literature to guide future research.

Protection motivation theory and health behaviour: conceptual review, discussion of limitations, and recommendations for best practice and future research.

Protection motivation theory is a pre-eminent health behaviour theory purposed to predict participation in health protection and risk behaviours. It has been widely applied across multiple behaviours, populations and contexts. In this conceptual review, we summarise research applying the theory and identify shortcomings and evidence gaps that limit reported inferences and impede theory and intervention development.