Opioid-related ambulance attendances during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic in Victoria, Australia.

Background And Aims: Public health measures introduced to contain the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus likely affected opioid supply and demand, as well as the patterns and contexts of opioid use. We measured opioid-related harms during the first 2 years of COVID-19 restrictions in Victoria, Australia.

Design: We adopted an interrupted time series analysis design using interventional autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models.

An extended approach to value chain analysis.

In the article, we propose a comprehensive methodology of value chain analysis in the international input-output framework that introduces a new measure of value chain participation and an extended typology of value chains, with the novel inclusion of domestic value chain to address the extent of fragmentation of purely domestic production. This allows for the simultaneous analysis of both global and domestic production fragmentation, the complex patterns of their evolution and their impact on economic development. The main contribution of the proposed methodology is conceptual: it permits the measurement of all value chain paths that pass through each country-sector from production to final consumption, whether the path includes downstream linkages, upstream linkages or their combination.

Knowledge of naloxone and take-home naloxone programs among a sample of people who inject drugs in Australia: Variations across capital cities.

Introduction And Aims: Take-home naloxone (THN) programs targeting people who inject drugs (PWID) have been running in some Australian states and territories since 2012. In this study, we aimed to determine the extent to which PWID in the capital cities of all Australian states and territories are aware of naloxone and THN programs, whether awareness of these programs has changed over time.

Design And Methods: Data were obtained from cross-sectional surveys of a total of 2088 PWID conducted annually as part of the Illicit Drug Reporting System from 2013 to 2015.

[Operating room nurse on a mission in Gaza. Interview by Isabelle Merny].

Is it possible to do one's job in a war zone, in a tent, in a field hospital theatre, in a professional manner while keeping one's cool? The answer is yes. A Slovenian nurse tells of her experience as a theatre supervisor, with Médecins sans Frontières, in the framework of a reconstructive surgery programme in the Gaza strip.

A rare case of chronic benign tracheo-oesophageal fistula, with Candida albicans cultured from a pleural effusion.

We present a case of chronic benign tracheo-oesophageal fistula in an immunologically competent elderly female, cured with a period of nasogastric feeding.