Opportunities and Challenges of Chatbots in Ophthalmology: A Narrative Review.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly influential in ophthalmology, particularly through advancements in machine learning, deep learning, robotics, neural networks, and natural language processing (NLP). Among these, NLP-based chatbots are the most readily accessible and are driven by AI-based large language models (LLMs). These chatbots have facilitated new research avenues and have gained traction in both clinical and surgical applications in ophthalmology.

Return to Play (RTP) and Return to Sport (RTS) Metrics Require Standardization.

It is commonly accepted that a primary goal of orthopaedic surgeries is to restore function for our patients, and to achieve this goal, many research studies aim to define outcomes that set a benchmark for knowing whether this mark is achieved. Unfortunately, Return to Play (RTP) and Return to Sport (RTS) metrics are often used without any strict definition or standardization. They often rely on patient recall, which could be biased, and often fail to distinguish level of performance after return to activity.

Stereotactic body radiotherapy as metastasis-directed therapy in oligometastatic prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The use of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) to definitively treat oligometastases in prostate cancer has drawn large clinical and research interests within radiation oncology. However, the evidence is considered in its early stages and there is currently no systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in this field. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SBRT as metastasis-directed therapy (MDT) in oligometastatic prostate cancer (OMPC) compared to no MDT reported in RCTs.

Persistent Social Inequality in Adolescent Health Indicators 1991-2022: Trend Study From Denmark.

Objectives: To examine trends in socioeconomic inequality in adolescent health over three decades, across fifteen health indicators: overweight, underweight, headache, stomachache, backpain, emotional symptoms, difficulties falling asleep, loneliness, low life satisfaction, low self-rated heath, smoking, drunkenness, physical inactivity, low vegetable intake, and inadequate toothbrushing.

Methods: The Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study in Denmark included nine identical surveys of 11-15-year-olds from 1991 to 2022, n = 35,423. For each health indicator, we measured absolute and relative socioeconomic inequality by prevalence differences and odds ratios between low and high socioeconomic groups.

An in vitro study of oral bioavailability of lupin stabilized nanocarriers for curcumin.

In this study, the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of curcumin encapsulated into different lupin protein isolate-based carriers was evaluated by coupling an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion (INFOGEST) with an in vitro co-culture absorption model, Caco-2/HT29-MTX, consisting of both absorptive and mucus producing cells. A targeted ultrahigh-performance quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) method was applied to monitor the fate of curcumin post digestion and absorption, specifically analyzing the apical, cellular, and basolateral fractions. Lupin protein nanoparticles, obtained by desolvation, protected curcumin from degradation better than oil in water (O/W) emulsions stabilized with lupin protein isolate.