Microbial associations and transfers across the One Health Triad effects on human and animal adiposity and temperament: a protocol for an observational pilot study.

Introduction: It is known that humans and pet dogs harbor microbial communities that are important regulators of health and disease. Pet dogs have been shown to promote microbial exchange between members of a household, a process that may have lasting health implications. Infancy marks a unique period of development as environmental exploration and introduction to complementary foods occur.

Plasma hydrogen sulfide, nitric oxide, and thiocyanate levels are lower during pregnancy compared to postpartum in a cohort of women from the Pacific northwest of the United States.

Aims: Pregnancy alters multiple physiological processes including angiogenesis, vasodilation, inflammation, and cellular redox, which are partially modulated by the gasotransmitters hydrogen sulfide (HS) and nitric oxide (NO). In this study, we sought to determine how plasma levels of HS, NO, and the HS-related metabolites thiocyanate (SCN), and methanethiol (CHSH) change during pregnancy progression.

Materials And Methods: Plasma was collected from 45 women at three points: 25-28 weeks gestation, 28-32 week gestation, and at ≥3 months postpartum.

Plasma epoxyeicosatrienoic acids and diabetes-related cardiovascular disease: The cardiovascular health study.

Background: Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are metabolites of arachidonic acid that may impact atherosclerosis, and animal experimental studies suggest EETs protect cardiac function. Plasma EETs are mostly esterified to phospholipids and part of an active pool. To address the limited information about EETs and CVD in humans, we conducted a prospective study of total plasma EETs (free + esterified) and diabetes-related CVD in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS).

Biological assessment of western USA sandy bottom rivers based on modeling historical and current fish and macroinvertebrate data.

Biological monitoring is important for assessing the ecological condition of surface waters. However, there are challenges in determining what constitutes reference conditions, what assemblages should be used as indicators, and how assemblage data should be converted into quantitative indicator scores. In this study, we developed and applied biological condition gradient (BCG) modeling to fish and macroinvertebrate data previously collected from large, sandy bottom southwestern USA rivers.

A Model of Combined Exposure to Nicotine and Tetrahydrocannabinol Electronic Cigarettes in Pregnant Rats.

Nicotine and cannabis are two of the most commonly consumed licit and illicit drugs during pregnancy, often consumed together e-cigarettes. Vaping is assumed to be a safer alternative than traditional routes of consumption, yet the potential consequences of prenatal e-cigarette exposure are largely unknown, particularly when these two drugs are co-consumed. In a novel co-exposure model, pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats received nicotine (36 mg/mL), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (100 mg/mL), the combination, or the vehicle e-cigarettes daily from gestational days 5-20, mimicking the first and second human trimesters.