Cytologic, histologic, and clinical correlation of minor mutations in pancreatic cysts.

Background: Major mutations (e.g., KRAS, GNAS, TP53, SMAD4) in pancreatic cyst fluid (PCF) are useful for classifying and risk stratifying certain cyst types, particularly in cases with nondiagnostic cytology.

Laryngology Postgraduate Workforce Trends and Job Satisfaction: A Survey of US Academic and Nonacademic Laryngologists.

Objective: To determine postgraduate job selection, percentage of career movement, factors influencing these decisions, and job satisfaction of laryngologists within academic and nonacademic fields.

Study Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Setting: Nonacademic and academic laryngology practices across the United States.

Botulinum Toxin Injection for Retrograde Cricopharyngeal Dysfunction: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: Retrograde Cricopharyngeal Dysfunction (RCPD) is treated by botulinum toxin (BTX) injection into the cricopharyngeus. This prospective study compares the effectiveness and side effects of operating room (OR) and in-office (IO) injections.

Methods: Patients over 18 years of age with inability to burp, abdominal, thoracic, or cervical gurgling sounds, bloating, and excessive flatulence were diagnosed with RCPD and included in the study.

Pulmonary Kaposi sarcoma in a patient with bilateral lung transplant: An unexpected diagnosis on transbronchial fine needle aspiration and core biopsy.

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a low-grade vascular neoplasm that can be seen in various sites, most commonly seen in skin and mucosal tissues. Cytologic features of KS have been well-documented in the literature, however, since it is rarely seen in visceral organs, it could pose significant diagnostic challenges on fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies. We present a case of pulmonary KS diagnosed on transbronchial FNA biopsy in a 70-year-old female bilateral lung allograft recipient 11 months after transplantation.