Carbonic anhydrase 2-derived drug-responsive domain regulates membrane-bound cytokine expression and function in engineered T cells.

Adoptive cell therapies (ACT) have shown reduced efficacy against solid tumor malignancies compared to hematologic malignancies, partly due to the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment (TME). ACT efficacy may be enhanced with pleiotropic cytokines that remodel the TME; however, their expression needs to be tightly controlled to avoid systemic toxicities. Here we show T cells can be armored with membrane-bound cytokines with surface expression regulated using drug-responsive domains (DRDs) developed from the 260-amino acid protein human carbonic anhydrase 2 (CA2).

Delayed atorvastatin delivery promotes recovery after experimental spinal cord injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) significantly alters gene expression, potentially impeding functional recovery. This study investigated the effects of atorvastatin, a widely prescribed cholesterol-lowering drug, on gene expression and functional recovery in a chronic murine SCI model. Female C57BL/6J mice underwent moderate 0.

Recovery model for minimally invasive central cannulation, cardiopulmonary bypass, and cardioplegic arrest in quadrupeds.

Sternotomy is rarely performed for veterinary therapeutic or recovery models in quadrupeds because of difficulties with breathing, ambulation, and pain control. Central cannulation for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is infrequent and typically performed through full thoracotomies. Experienced clinical surgeons and perfusionists should provide guidance for new therapeutic interventions and translational research.

Comparative Proteomics Highlights that GenX Exposure Leads to Metabolic Defects and Inflammation in Astrocytes.

Exposure to PFAS such as GenX (HFPO dimer acid) has become increasingly common due to the replacement of older generation PFAS in manufacturing processes. While neurodegenerative and developmental effects of legacy PFAS exposure have been studied in depth, there is a limited understanding specific to the effects of GenX exposure. To investigate the effects of GenX exposure, we exposed to GenX and assessed the motor behavior and performed quantitative proteomics of fly brains to identify molecular changes in the brain.

Aboriginal Australian weapons and human efficiency.

Aggression-and its role in human societal development-continues to be hotly debated within both the sciences and the humanities. Whatever the evolutionary origins and repercussions of interpersonal and intergroup conflict for the human story, cultures around the globe have invested significant time and effort into designing deadly hand-held weaponry. Here, we describe for the first time, how humans deliver a deadly strike using two iconic and widespread Aboriginal Australian weapons: the kodj and the leangle with parrying shield.