Assessment of residues from common pesticides and associated risks in Pakistan.

Pesticide residues have become an escalating concern in Pakistan, raising significant risks to both public health and the environment. This review overviews the current status of pesticide contamination in the country, with a specific focus on residue levels in relation to Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) and a comparative analysis with regional and global counterparts. Several studies reveal that 30% to 70% of tested food products, including fruits, vegetables, and animal-derived products, especially in Punjab and Sindh, exceed established MRLs.

Mitigating dengue incidence through advanced larval surveillance and control: A successful experience from Pakistan.

Dengue fever is a viral disease caused by one of four dengue stereotypes (Flavivirus: Flaviviridae) that are primarily transmitted by (Skuse) and (L.). To safeguard public health, it is crucial to conduct surveys that examine the factors favouring the presence of these species.

Estimation of instantaneous peak flows in Canadian rivers: an evaluation of conventional, nonlinear regression, and machine learning methods.

Instantaneous peak flows (IPFs) are often required to derive design values for sizing various hydraulic structures, such as culverts, bridges, and small dams/levees, in addition to informing several water resources management-related activities. Compared to mean daily flows (MDFs), which represent averaged flows over a period of 24 h, information on IPFs is often missing or unavailable in instrumental records. In this study, conventional methods for estimating IPFs from MDFs are evaluated and new methods based on the nonlinear regression framework and machine learning architectures are proposed and evaluated using streamflow records from all Canadian hydrometric stations with natural and regulated flow regimes.

Development and content validation of a financial and functional outcomes tool for diabetes-related foot disease in patients undergoing major lower limb amputation: a prospective observational study from Pakistan.

Objective: To develop and content validate a questionnaire to assess the financial and functional impact of major lower limb amputation in patients with diabetes-related foot disease.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Setting: This study was conducted at a tertiary care centre in Pakistan.

Biochar impacts on carbon dioxide, methane emission, and cadmium accumulation in rice from Cd-contaminated soils; A meta-analysis.

Climate change and cadmium (Cd) contamination pose severe threats to rice production and food security. Biochar (BC) has emerged as a promising soil amendment for mitigating these challenges. To investigate the BC effects on paddy soil upon GHG emissions, Cd bioavailability, and its accumulation, a meta-analysis of published data from 2000 to 2023 was performed.