Experiences of Māori and Pacific women recruited into a pregnancy clinical trial in Aotearoa, New Zealand: a Kaupapa Māori qualitative study.

Objectives: To explore the perspectives of Māori and Pacific women who participated in the Fish Oil study to ascertain what barriers and facilitators may exist for successfully recruiting Māori and Pacific women into clinical trials.

Design: A Kaupapa Māori qualitative study.

Setting: Auckland, New Zealand.

Prevalence of dementia among Indigenous populations of countries with a very high Human Development Index: a systematic review.

Dementia is a health priority for Indigenous peoples. Here, we reviewed studies on the prevalence of dementia or cognitive impairment among Indigenous populations from countries with a very high Human Development Index (≥0·8). Quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute risk-of-bias tool and CONSolIDated critERia for strengthening the reporting of health research involving Indigenous peoples (CONSIDER), with oversight provided by an Indigenous Advisory Board.

Reducing ethnic inequities: Patterns of asthma medication use and hospital discharges in Māori in Aotearoa New Zealand.

Background And Objective: In Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ) widespread transition to budesonide/formoterol maintenance and/or reliever regimens in clinical practice is temporally associated with reduced rates of asthma hospitalization. It is unknown whether this association is observed in Māori, the indigenous population of NZ, who experience a disproportionate burden from asthma. We investigated patterns in asthma medication use and hospital admissions in Māori in NZ.

Applications of the Cholesterol Metabolite, 4β-Hydroxycholesterol, as a Sensitive Endogenous Biomarker for Hepatic CYP3A Activity Evaluated within a PBPK Framework.

Plasma levels of 4β-hydroxycholesterol (4β-OHC), a CYP3A-specific metabolite of cholesterol, are elevated after administration of CYP3A inducers like rifampicin and carbamazepine. To simulate such plasma 4β-OHC increase, we developed a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of cholesterol and 4β-OHC in the Simcyp PBPK Simulator (Version 23, Certara UK Ltd.) using a middle-out approach.

A Transfer Learning-Based Framework for Classifying Lymph Node Metastasis in Prostate Cancer Patients.

Prostate cancer is the second most common new cancer diagnosis in the United States. It is usually slow-growing, and when it is low-grade and confined to the prostate gland, it can be treated either conservatively (through active surveillance) or with surgery. However, if the cancer has spread beyond the prostate, such as to the lymph nodes, then that indicates a more aggressive cancer, and surgery may not be adequate.