[Initiating hemodialysis in Morocco: Impact of late referral].

Introduction: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a major public health concern in Morocco with an incidence in constant progression according to MAGREDIAL "Morocco Dialysis Registry". Patients are often sent late to nephrologists, which is a source of complications recognized in several countries. For these reasons, we tried to evaluate, in our context, the prevalence and factors of this late referral (LR).

Augmentation of keratinized gingiva around dental implants.

To date, there is no general consensus with respect to the amount of soft-tissue volume needed for esthetic and functional purposes on the buccal aspect of dental implants. Numerous studies have investigated the relationship between the width of keratinized mucosa and the health of peri-implant tissues. Our purpose was to discuss about the necessity of keratinized tissue to maintain the peri-implant health and to report clinical efficacy of different techniques used to increase the keratinized tissue around dental implants.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a hypertensive patient with renal failure.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinical and neuroimaging entity characterized by headache, visual field deficits, changes in mentation and seizures, and by typical neuro-imaging features such as areas of sub-cortical edema, occasionally cortical, involving predominantly the occipital and parietal lobes of both hemispheres. Hypertension, uremia, immunosuppressive drugs neurotoxicity, preeclampsia or eclampsia, renal disease, and sepsis are the most common etiologies of PRES. Less common, it has been described in the setting of autoimmune disease.

[Screening and risk factors of cardiac calcification in hemodialysis: contribution of ultra-fast multi-slice scanner and transthoracic echocardiography].

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the first leading cause of death in hemodialysis patients. In this population, cardiovascular calcifications occur at an earlier age and progress faster than in general population.

Patients And Methods: In order to determine the prevalence and risk factors of cardiac calcifications, 49 patients on chronic hemodialysis were screened in the coronary arteries and cardiac valves by the 64 multi-slice ultra-fast CT and the transthoracic echocardiography.