Editorial Commentary: For Refractory Elbow Lateral Epicondylitis, Patients Do Well After Excision of the Diseased Part of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis, Regardless of Open or Arthroscopic Technique, Debridement Alone, or Debridement With Repair.

Lateral epicondylitis is a common cause of elbow pain and disability, resulting from degenerative tendinosis of the extensor carpi radialis brevis origin at the lateral epicondyle. This condition is generally self-limiting, with activity modification, physical therapy, and injections serving as the first-line treatments. Surgery is typically reserved for patients experiencing ongoing pain and disability that impact daily living or recreational activities, despite extensive conservative management for at least 6 months, ideally over 12 months.

The use of sterol profiles, supported with other faecal source tracking methods, to apportion septic tanks contamination in rural catchments.

Identifying the origin of faecal pollution in water is needed for effective water management decisions to protect both human health and aquatic ecosystems. Traditionally used indicators of faecal contamination, such as E. coli, only indicate pollution from warm-blooded animals and not the specific source of contamination; hence, more source specific tracers are required.

Modelling potential human exposure to the urease inhibitor NBPT through the environment-food pathway.

The urease inhibitor N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) has recently attracted a lot of attention attributing to its efficiency in reducing ammonia loss from urea fertiliser applied to temperate grassland soils. Ammonia gas lost to the environment causes soil acidification, eutrophication and contributes to global warming through increased greenhouse gas emissions and ozone layer depletion. The active chemical NBPT blocks the soil microbial enzyme (urease) and reduces ammonia emission.

Isolation and identification of chlorate-reducing sp. from milk.

Chlorate has become a concern in the food and beverage sector, related to chlorine sanitizers in industrial food production and water treatment. It is of particular concern to regulatory bodies due to the negative health effects of chlorate exposure. This study investigated the fate of chlorate in raw milk and isolated bacterial strains of interest responsible for chlorate breakdown.

Chlorate Levels in Dairy Products Produced and Consumed in Ireland.

In recent years, chlorate has become a residue of concern internationally, due to the risk that it poses to thyroid gland function. However, little is known about its occurrence in dairy products of Irish origin. To address this, a study was conducted in which samples of milk ( = 317), cream ( = 199), butter ( = 178), cheese ( = 144) and yoghurt ( = 440) were collected from grocery stores in the Republic of Ireland.