Machine learning to identify environmental drivers of phytoplankton blooms in the Southern Baltic Sea.

Phytoplankton blooms exhibit varying patterns in timing and number of peaks within ecosystems. These differences in blooming patterns are partly explained by phytoplankton:nutrient interactions and external factors such as temperature, salinity and light availability. Understanding these interactions and drivers is essential for effective bloom management and modelling as driving factors potentially differ or are shared across ecosystems on regional scales.

SILAC-based quantification reveals modulation of the immunopeptidome in BRAF and MEK inhibitor sensitive and resistant melanoma cells.

Background: The immunopeptidome is constantly monitored by T cells to detect foreign or aberrant HLA peptides. It is highly dynamic and reflects the current cellular state, enabling the immune system to recognize abnormal cellular conditions, such as those present in cancer cells. To precisely determine how changes in cellular processes, such as those induced by drug treatment, affect the immunopeptidome, quantitative immunopeptidomics approaches are essential.

A DNA Polymerase Variant Senses the Epigenetic Marker 5-Methylcytosine by Increased Misincorporation.

Dysregulation of DNA methylation is associated with human disease, particularly cancer, and the assessment of aberrant methylation patterns holds great promise for clinical diagnostics. However, DNA polymerases do not effectively discriminate between processing 5-methylcytosine (5 mC) and unmethylated cytosine, resulting in the silencing of methylation information during amplification or sequencing. As a result, current detection methods require multi-step DNA conversion treatments or careful analysis of sequencing data to decipher individual 5 mC bases.

SciJava Ops: an improved algorithms framework for Fiji and beyond.

Decades of iteration on scientific imaging hardware and software has yielded an explosion in not only the size, complexity, and heterogeneity of image datasets but also in the tooling used to analyze this data. This wealth of image analysis tools, spanning different programming languages, frameworks, and data structures, is itself a problem for data analysts who must adapt to new technologies and integrate established routines to solve increasingly complex problems. While many "bridge" layers exist to unify pairs of popular tools, there exists a need for a general solution to unify new and existing toolkits.

Two serial filters control P2X7 cation selectivity, Ser342 in the central pore and lateral acidic residues at the cytoplasmic interface.

The human P2X7 receptor (hP2X7R) is a homotrimeric cell surface receptor gated by extracellular ATP with two transmembrane helices per subunit, TM1 and TM2. A ring of three S342 residues, one from each pore-forming TM2 helix, located halfway across the membrane bilayer, functions to close and open the gate in the apo and ATP-bound open states, respectively. The hP2X7R is selective for small inorganic cations, but can also conduct larger organic cations such as Tris.