Spatial Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 Delivery from Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds Sustains Bone Regeneration in Rabbit Radius.

Regenerating large bone defects requires a multifaceted approach combining optimal scaffold designs with appropriate growth factor delivery. Supraphysiological doses of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP2), typically used for the regeneration of large bone defects clinically in conjunction with an acellular collagen sponge (ACS), have resulted in many complications. In this study, we develop a hydroxyapatite/collagen I (HA/Col) scaffold to improve the mechanical properties of the HA scaffolds, while maintaining open connected porosity.

Regeneration enhanced in critical-sized bone defects using bone-specific extracellular matrix protein.

Extracellular matrix (ECM) products have the potential to improve cellular attachment and promote tissue-specific development by mimicking the native cellular niche. In this study, the therapeutic efficacy of an ECM substratum produced by bone marrow stem cells (BM-MSCs) to promote bone regeneration in vitro and in vivo were evaluated. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis and phenotypic expression were employed to characterize the in vitro BM-MSC response to bone marrow specific ECM (BM-ECM).

In vivo hydroxyapatite scaffold performance in infected bone defects.

Critically sized bone defects are often compounded by infectious complications. The standard of care consists of bone autografts with systemic antibiotics. These injuries and treatments lead to donor site morbidity, antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria, and often end stage amputation.

Bone Formation is Affected by Matrix Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) In Vivo.

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) accumulate in bone extracellular matrix as people age. Although previous evidence shows that the accumulation of AGEs in bone matrix may impose significant effects on bone cells, the effect of matrix AGEs on bone formation in vivo is still poorly understood. To address this issue, this study used a unique rat model with autograft implant to investigate the in vivo response of bone formation to matrix AGEs.

Age-Related Effects of Advanced Glycation End Products (Ages) in Bone Matrix on Osteoclastic Resorption.

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) accumulate in bone extracellular matrix as people age. Previous studies have shown controversial results regarding the role of in situ AGEs accumulation in osteoclastic resorption. To address this issue, this study cultured human osteoclast cells directly on human cadaveric bone slices from different age groups (young and elderly) to warrant its relevance to in vivo conditions.