Long-term response of different Botulinum toxins in refractory neurogenic detrusor overactivity due to spinal cord injury.

Purpose: To assess the response in spinal cord injured patients alternatively treated with different types and dosages of Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) over 15 years.

Material And Methods: Patients who underwent first BoNT/A from 1999-2001 and practiced intermittent catheterization were included. Baseline 3-day bladder diary (BD) and urodynamics were collected.

Subversion of early innate antiviral responses during antibody-dependent enhancement of Dengue virus infection induces severe disease in immunocompetent mice.

Dengue is a mosquito-borne disease caused by one of four serotypes of Dengue virus (DENV-1-4). Epidemiologic and observational studies demonstrate that the majority of severe dengue cases, dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS), occurs predominantly in either individuals with cross-reactive immunity following a secondary heterologous infection or in infants with primary DENV infections born from dengue-immune mothers, suggesting that B-cell-mediated and antibody responses impact on disease evolution. We demonstrate here that B cells play a pivotal role in host responses against primary DENV infection in mice.

Sacral neuromodulation for neurogenic non-obstructive urinary retention in incomplete spinal cord patients: a ten-year follow-up single-centre experience.

Objective: To determine the success rate of percutaneous first stage of sacral neuromodulation (SNM) and the efficacy and safety of permanent SNM for incomplete spinal cord lesion (SCL) patients suffering from chronic neurogenic non-obstructive urinary retention (N-NOR).

Method: From January 2003 to December 2012, 85 individuals underwent the percutaneous first stage of SNM. Subsequently, only responders who reached a concomitant reduction by at least 50% of volume per catheterization and in the number of catheterizations per day comparing their 7-day voiding diaries at baseline underwent permanent SNM.

A retrospective study on female urological surgeries over the 10 years following spinal cord lesion.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety over a 10-year period of any urological operations required by female patients with spinal cord lesions (SCLs).

Methods: Retrospective study of urological surgeries from our database performed on females with SCLs from 2001 to 2002. Surgery efficacy for neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunctions (N-LUTDs) was evaluated by comparing 7-day voiding diaries pre- and post-surgeries, while individual investigations were done pre- and post-surgery to evaluate urological complications.

Intravesical electrostimulation versus sacral neuromodulation for incomplete spinal cord patients suffering from neurogenic non-obstructive urinary retention.

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of intravesical electrostimulation (IVES) versus sacral neuromodulation (SNM) in patients with incomplete spinal cord lesions (SCL) and neurogenic non-obstructive urinary retention (N-NOR).

Methods: In this retrospective study, 77 N-NOR patients underwent IVES (minimum 28 sessions), then after returning to voiding baseline symptoms, percutaneous first stage of SNM (lasting for minimum 4 weeks). After the two neuromodulation treatments, responders were categorized as patients experiencing both a 50% reduction of volume per catheterization per ml and a 50% reduction in number of catheterizations per day when comparing the 7-day voiding diaries at the end of both procedures to baselines.