Dysfunctional diversity of p53 proteins in adult acute myeloid leukemia: projections on diagnostic workup and therapy.

The heterogeneous nature of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and its poor prognosis necessitate therapeutic improvement. Current advances in AML research yield important insights regarding AML genetic, epigenetic, evolutional, and clinical diversity, all in which dysfunctional p53 plays a key role. As p53 is central to hematopoietic stem cell functions, its aberrations affect AML evolution, biology, and therapy response and usually predict poor prognosis.

Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome through the lens of transcription.

Lamins are nuclear intermediate filaments. In addition to their structural roles, they are implicated in basic nuclear functions such as chromatin organization, DNA replication, transcription, DNA repair, and cell-cycle progression. Mutations in human LMNA gene cause several diseases termed laminopathies.

Cytoplasmic sequestration of wild-type p53 in a patient with therapy-related resistant AML: first report.

p53 inactivation is a key factor in human tumorigenesis and chemotherapy resistance. The traditionally described mechanisms of p53 inactivation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) include TP53 mutations and abrogation of p53 pathway. Malfunction of wild-type (wt) p53, due to its cytoplasmic mislocalization, has been described, thus far, only in solid tumors.

Nuclear lamins: key regulators of nuclear structure and activities.

The nuclear lamina is a proteinaceous structure located underneath the inner nuclear membrane (INM), where it associates with the peripheral chromatin. It contains lamins and lamin-associated proteins, including many integral proteins of the INM, chromatin modifying proteins, transcriptional repressors and structural proteins. A fraction of lamins is also present in the nucleoplasm, where it forms stable complexes and is associated with specific nucleoplasmic proteins.

The added value of peripheral blood cell morphology in the diagnosis and management of infectious diseases--part 2: illustrative cases.

The previous review dealt with the diagnostic yield of peripheral blood smear examination with regard to diagnosis of infectious diseases. In addition to the clinical data, it can provide information of major clinical significance. At times, it can even replace additional, costly and time-consuming diagnostic modalities.