Prenatal screening for preeclampsia: the roles of placental growth factor and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A in the first trimester and placental growth factor and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1-placental growth factor ratio in the early second trimester.

Background: Professional societies have recommended universal first trimester screening for preeclampsia and a second or third trimester soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1-placental growth factor ratio test to assess for preeclampsia and its severity. However, it may not be feasible to implement the most optimal screening protocol for preeclampsia in the first trimester which uses a combination of maternal characteristics, maternal biophysical and biochemical markers due to limitations in the access to uterine artery doppler ultrasound. There are inconsistent findings on how early in the second trimester the fms-like tyrosine kinase-1-placental growth factor ratio begins to provide useful information in preeclampsia prediction.

Modified multiple marker aneuploidy screening as a primary screening test for preeclampsia.

Background: Abnormal levels of maternal biochemical markers used in multiple marker aneuploidy screening have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study aims to assess if a combination of maternal characteristics and biochemical markers in the first and second trimesters can be used to screen for preeclampsia (PE). The secondary aim was to assess this combination in identifying pregnancies at risk for gestational hypertension and preterm birth.

Prenatal screening for trisomy 21: a comparative performance and cost analysis of different screening strategies.

Background: Prenatal screening for chromosome aneuploidies have constantly been evolving, especially with the introduction of cell-free fetal DNA (cfDNA) screening in the most recent years. This study compares the performance, costs and timing of test results of three cfDNA screening implementation strategies: contingent, reflex and primary.

Methods: We modelled enhanced first trimester screening (eFTS) as the first-tier test in contingent or reflex strategies.

Maternal sleep disturbances in late pregnancy and the association with emergency caesarean section: A prospective cohort study.

Objectives: To investigate the association between measures of sleep quality, sleep duration and sleep disorder symptoms in late pregnancy and likelihood of emergency caesarean section.

Design: Population-based prospective cohort study SETTING: New Zealand PARTICIPANTS: 310 Māori (Indigenous New Zealanders) and 629 non-Māori women MEASUREMENTS: Multivariable logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between type of delivery (emergency caesarean section vs. spontaneous vaginal delivery) and self-reported sleep duration, sleep quality and sleep-related symptoms, (e.

Expired Drugs in the Remote Environment.

Introduction: The British Antarctic Survey Medical Unit works in a very remote area of the world, with several Antarctic bases receiving only a single annual resupply of consumable goods. Pharmaceuticals supplied in this manner will often be approaching or past the end of their nominal shelf life before the following year's resupply. Drugs are transported from the UK via ship; the hold is not temperature controlled, and the ship crosses through the tropics (air temperature 25-30°C for approximately 3 wk).