Current Knowledge and Perspectives of Immunotherapies for Neuroblastoma.

Neuroblastoma (NBL) cells highly express disialoganglioside GD2, which is restricted and weakly expressed in selected healthy cells, making it a desirable target of immunotherapy. Over the past two decades, application of dinutuximab, an anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody (mAb), has been one of the few new therapies to substantially improve outcomes to current levels. Given the persistent challenge of relapse and therapeutic resistance, there is an urgent need for new effective and tolerable treatment options for high-risk NBL.

[Possibilities and limitations of eye drops for glaucoma therapy].

Background: In Germany, chronic open-angle glaucoma is mostly treated by daily eye drop application. The possibilities and limitations of this form of therapy are presented. Reasons for the change in the selection of the preferred substances over time are also discussed and the limits of local drug therapy are described.

[Botulinum toxin injections for senile entropium].

Involutive changes in the collagen and muscular structures of the lower lid in ageing may lead to the formation of senile entropium. Treatment of this condition may be achieved using botulinum toxin injections to the dislocated orbicularis muscle. These injections lead to cessation of the symptoms for a mean of 3.