Advanced neuromonitoring powered by ICM+ and its place in the Brand New AI World, reflections at the 20th anniversary boundary.

Introduction: Adoption of the ICM+® brain monitoring software by clinical research centres worldwide has been continuously growing over the past 20 years. This has necessitated ongoing updates to accommodate evolving neuromonitoring research needs, including recent explosion of artificial intelligence (AI).

Research Question: We sought to provide an update on the current features of the software.

Reliability and variability of pressure reactivity index (prx) during oscillatory pattern in arterial blood pressure and intracranial pressure in traumatic brain injured patients.

Introduction: Pressure reactivity index (PRx) is used for continuous monitoring of cerebrovascular reactivity in traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, PRx has a noisy character. Oscillations in arterial blood pressure (ABP) introduced by cyclic positive end-expiratory pressure adjustment, can make PRx more reliable.

Embracing uncertainty in cerebrospinal fluid dynamics: A Bayesian approach to analysing infusion studies.

Introduction: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) infusion test analysis allows recognizing and appropriately evaluating CSF dynamics in the context of normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), which is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment. However, existing methodology possesses drawbacks that may compromise the precision and interpretation of CSF dynamics parameters.

Research Question: This study aims to circumvent these constraints by introducing an innovative analysis method grounded in Bayesian inference.

Transmission of slow waves in Masimo O near infrared spectroscopy measures.

Introduction: Cerebral autoregulation (CA) dysfunction is a key complication following brain injury. CA assessment using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) offers a promising alternative to the current non-invasive standard, cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) measured with transcranial Doppler.

Research Question: Can autoregulatory slow waves (frequency range 0.

Exploration of uncertainty of PRx time trends.

Introduction: PRx can be used as surrogate measure of Cerebral Autoregulation (CA) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. PRx can provide means for individualising cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) targets, such as CPPopt. However, a recent Delphi consensus of clinicians concluded that consensus could not be reached on the accuracy, reliability, and validation of any current CA assessment method.