The occurrence of lipophilic toxins in shellfish from the Middle Adriatic Sea.

The first survey of the phycotoxin profile in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from the coastal waters of Bosnia and Herzegovina (The Bay of Neum, Middle Adriatic Sea) in correlation to the Makarska City Bay (Croatia, Middle Adriatic Sea) was conducted in 2017. Throughout the monitoring period, occasions of gymnodimine (GYM) and azaspiracid (AZA2) shellfish toxicity were recorded in concentrations that do not endanger human health. The occurrence of yessotoxins (YTXs), the most common toxins found in the Adriatic Sea, was correlated to the presence of the Gonyaulax species, a potential source of YTX.

Evaluation of Olive Fruit Lipoxygenase Extraction Protocols on 9- and 13-Z,E-HPODE Formation.

In plant tissues, enzymes implicated in the lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway are responsible for the hydroperoxydation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, ultimately leading to the production of small chemical species involved in several physiological processes. During industrial olive oil production, these enzymes are activated upon crushing and grinding of olive fruit tissue, subsequently leading to the synthesis of volatile compounds responsible for the positive aroma and flavor of the oil. An investigation of LOX activity during olive fruit ripening and malaxation could assist in the production of oils with favorable aroma and taste.

The A9 core sequence from NRPS adenylation domain is relevant for thioester formation.

The adenylation (A) domain in nonribosomal peptide synthetases catalyses a two-step reaction in which an amino acid is activated and then transferred to the neighbouring thiolation (T) domain. In this study, we investigated the role of the conserved A9 core sequence of the A-domain of tyrocidine synthetase 1, by analysis of single amino acid mutations in the A9 region. Mutation of an absolutely conserved proline (P490G) significantly reduced the conformational stability of the protein, as evidenced by increased susceptibility to proteolytic cleavage and denaturation.

Occurrence and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of Burkholderia cepacia complex in coastal marine environment.

During an environmental study of bacterial resistance to antibiotics in coastal waters of the Kaštela Bay, Adriatic Sea, Croatia, 47 Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) isolates were recovered from seawater and mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) samples. All isolates showed multiple antibiotic resistance. Among the isolates, two Burkholderia cenocepacia isolates produced chromosomally encoded TEM-116 extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL).

131 I-induced changes in rat thyroid gland function.

Therapeutic doses of (131)I administered to thyrotoxic patients may cause thyroid failure. The present study used a rat model to determine thyroid function after the administration of different doses of (131)I (64-277 microCi). Thirty male Fisher rats in the experimental group and 30 in the control group (untreated) were followed for 6 months.