Olefin Metathesis in Continuous Flow Reactor Employing Polar Ruthenium Catalyst and Soluble Metal Scavenger for Instant Purification of Products of Pharmaceutical Interest.

In recent years, the development of continuous-flow reactors has attracted growing attention from the synthetic community. Moreover, findings in the precise control of the reaction parameters and improved mass/heat transfer have made the flow setup an attractive alternative to batch reactors, both in academia and industry, enabling safe and easy scaling-up of synthetic processes. Even though a majority of the pharmaceutical industry currently rely on batch reactors or semibatch reactors, many are integrating flow technology because of easier maintenance and lower risks.

Preliminary evaluation of application of a 3-dimensional network structure of siloxanes Dergall preparation on chick embryo development and microbiological status of eggshells.

The spatial network structure of Dergall is based on substances nontoxic to humans and the environment which, when applied on solid surfaces, creates a coating that reduces bacterial cell adhesion. The bacteriostatic properties of siloxanes are based on a purely physical action mechanism which excludes development of drug-resistant microorganisms. The aims of the present study were to 1) evaluate a Dergall layer formed on the eggshell surface regarding the potential harmful effects on the chick embryo; 2) evaluate antimicrobial activity and estimate the prolongation time of Dergall's potential antimicrobial activity.

Reduced graphene oxide doping with nanometer-sized ferrocene moieties - New active material for glucose redox sensors.

Herein, we present that the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) doped with nanometer-sized ferrocene moieties is a new, excellent active material for redox sensors. Two distinct approaches were utilized for the modification of rGO. The first method was based on the covalent decoration of rGO via the addition of azomethine ylide generated from the ferrocenecarboxaldehyde oxime.

Indirect effects of a 7 year PCV7/PCV13 mass vaccination program in children on the incidence of pneumonia among adults: a comparative study based on two Polish cities.

Background And Objectives: In 2006 the city of Kielce, Poland, introduced a mandatory PCV7 (replaced by PCV13 in 2011) vaccination program against S. pneumoanie for all children under 2 years old. At that time, the neighboring city of Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski had no such large-scale vaccination program in place.

The burden of Herpes Zoster and its complications in Poland in according to the age.

Background: Incidence of shingles in different regions of the world ranged from 300 to 500/100,000 persons, and in the population older than 80 years of age reaches more than 1000/100,000. In the age group 50+ the incidence is enough high to be a serious medical and economic burden. Lack of details about the incidence and frequency of complications in Polish population let us too made an attempt to assess the scale of the problem, among others to the purpose of the evaluation of the legitimacy of implementing vaccination in the 50+ population.