YAP/TAZ Signalling Controls Epidermal Keratinocyte Fate.

The paralogues Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) control cell proliferation and cell fate determination from embryogenesis to ageing. In the skin epidermis, these proteins are involved in both homeostatic cell renewal and injury-induced regeneration and also drive carcinogenesis and other pathologies. YAP and TAZ are usually considered downstream of the Hippo pathway.

Ideal Living Skin Equivalents, From Old Technologies and Models to Advanced Ones: The Prospects for an Integrated Approach.

The development of technologies for the generation and transplantation of living skin equivalents (LSEs) is a significant area of translational medicine. Such functional equivalents can be used to model and study the morphogenesis of the skin and its derivatives, to test drugs, and to improve the healing of chronic wounds, burns, and other skin injuries. The evolution of LSEs over the past 50 years has demonstrated the leap in technology and quality and the shift from classical full-thickness LSEs to principled new models, including modification of classical models and skin organoids with skin derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) (hiPSCs).

Zero-field magnetic skyrmions in exchange-biased ferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic bilayers.

We report on the stabilization of ferromagnetic skyrmions in zero external magnetic fields, in exchange-biased systems composed of ferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic (FM-AFM) bilayers. By performing atomistic spin dynamics simulations, we study cases of compensated, uncompensated, and partly uncompensated FM-AFM interfaces, and investigate the impact of important parameters such as temperature, inter-plane exchange interaction, Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, and magnetic anisotropy on the skyrmions appearance and stability. The model with an uncompensated FM-AFM interface leads to the stabilization of individual skyrmions and skyrmion lattices in the FM layer, caused by the effective field from the AFM instead of an external magnetic field.

Coupled atomistic spin-lattice simulations of ultrafast demagnetization in 3d ferromagnets.

Despite decades of research, the role of the lattice and its coupling to the magnetisation during ultrafast demagnetisation processes is still not fully understood. Here we report on studies of both explicit and implicit lattice effects on laser induced ultrafast demagnetisation of bcc Fe and fcc Co. We do this using atomistic spin- and lattice dynamics simulations following a heat-conserving three-temperature model.